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The Role of COVID-19 Vaccine Perception, Hope, and Fear on the Travel Bubble Program

Author

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  • Eeman Almokdad

    (Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea)

  • Kiattipoom Kiatkawsin

    (Business Communication and Design Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore)

  • Mosab Kaseem

    (Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea)

Abstract

The travel bubble program presented an appealing strategy for reopening international travel safely. However, a full vaccination regime is the foremost prerequisite of the program. Therefore, vaccination and the travel bubble are inextricably linked. This study investigated the roles of perceived vaccine efficacy, attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccine, and attitude toward the travel bubble on travel bubble intention. More importantly, the study also examined the mediating role of hope and fear among unvaccinated Korean adults between 20 and 29 years old. A total of 535 samples were collected to test the proposed conceptual model using structural equation modeling. In general, the results supported the proposed hypotheses. Notably, the intention to travel to a bubble destination was explained by 57% of the variance. Furthermore, hope mediated the relationship between vaccine attitude and travel bubble intention. Whereas fear mediated the relationship between perceived vaccine efficacy and intention. Hence, the findings suggest doubts around the vaccine efficacy and that a positive attitude towards the vaccine also install hope among the research samples.

Suggested Citation

  • Eeman Almokdad & Kiattipoom Kiatkawsin & Mosab Kaseem, 2022. "The Role of COVID-19 Vaccine Perception, Hope, and Fear on the Travel Bubble Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8714-:d:864966
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jian Ming Luo & Chi Fung Lam, 2020. "Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, October.
    2. Hui Zhu & Fumin Deng, 2020. "How to Influence Rural Tourism Intention by Risk Knowledge during COVID-19 Containment in China: Mediating Role of Risk Perception and Attitude," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-23, May.
    3. Dogan Gursoy & Ali Selcuk Can & Nigel Williams & Yuksel Ekinci, 2021. "Evolving impacts of COVID-19 vaccination intentions on travel intentions," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(11-12), pages 719-733, September.
    4. Ling, Mathew & Kothe, Emily J. & Mullan, Barbara A., 2019. "Predicting intention to receive a seasonal influenza vaccination using Protection Motivation Theory," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 233(C), pages 87-92.
    5. Jo-Hung Yu & Hsiao-Hsien Lin & Yu-Chih Lo & Kuan-Chieh Tseng & Chin-Hsien Hsu, 2021. "Is the Travel Bubble under COVID-19 a Feasible Idea or Not?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-20, May.
    6. Krzysztof Zdziarski & Marek Landowski & Paulina Zabielska & Beata Karakiewicz, 2021. "Subjective Feelings of Polish Doctors after Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-12, June.
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    1. Eeman Almokdad & Kiattipoom Kiatkawsin & Chung Hun Lee, 2023. "Antecedents of Booster Vaccine Intention for Domestic and International Travel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Rosse Marie Esparza-Huamanchumo & Rosa Jeuna Diaz-Manchay & Maribel Albertina Díaz-Vásquez, 2023. "Virtual Educational Intervention of Craftswomen Working with Native Peruvian Cotton during COVID-19 for Reactivating the Artisian Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-13, March.

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