IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i14p8714-d864966.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Role of COVID-19 Vaccine Perception, Hope, and Fear on the Travel Bubble Program

Author

Listed:
  • Eeman Almokdad

    (Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea)

  • Kiattipoom Kiatkawsin

    (Business Communication and Design Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore)

  • Mosab Kaseem

    (Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea)

Abstract

The travel bubble program presented an appealing strategy for reopening international travel safely. However, a full vaccination regime is the foremost prerequisite of the program. Therefore, vaccination and the travel bubble are inextricably linked. This study investigated the roles of perceived vaccine efficacy, attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccine, and attitude toward the travel bubble on travel bubble intention. More importantly, the study also examined the mediating role of hope and fear among unvaccinated Korean adults between 20 and 29 years old. A total of 535 samples were collected to test the proposed conceptual model using structural equation modeling. In general, the results supported the proposed hypotheses. Notably, the intention to travel to a bubble destination was explained by 57% of the variance. Furthermore, hope mediated the relationship between vaccine attitude and travel bubble intention. Whereas fear mediated the relationship between perceived vaccine efficacy and intention. Hence, the findings suggest doubts around the vaccine efficacy and that a positive attitude towards the vaccine also install hope among the research samples.

Suggested Citation

  • Eeman Almokdad & Kiattipoom Kiatkawsin & Mosab Kaseem, 2022. "The Role of COVID-19 Vaccine Perception, Hope, and Fear on the Travel Bubble Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8714-:d:864966
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/14/8714/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/14/8714/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hui Zhu & Fumin Deng, 2020. "How to Influence Rural Tourism Intention by Risk Knowledge during COVID-19 Containment in China: Mediating Role of Risk Perception and Attitude," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-23, May.
    2. Ling, Mathew & Kothe, Emily J. & Mullan, Barbara A., 2019. "Predicting intention to receive a seasonal influenza vaccination using Protection Motivation Theory," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 233(C), pages 87-92.
    3. Jian Ming Luo & Chi Fung Lam, 2020. "Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, October.
    4. Dogan Gursoy & Ali Selcuk Can & Nigel Williams & Yuksel Ekinci, 2021. "Evolving impacts of COVID-19 vaccination intentions on travel intentions," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(11-12), pages 719-733, September.
    5. Jo-Hung Yu & Hsiao-Hsien Lin & Yu-Chih Lo & Kuan-Chieh Tseng & Chin-Hsien Hsu, 2021. "Is the Travel Bubble under COVID-19 a Feasible Idea or Not?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-20, May.
    6. Krzysztof Zdziarski & Marek Landowski & Paulina Zabielska & Beata Karakiewicz, 2021. "Subjective Feelings of Polish Doctors after Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-12, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Eeman Almokdad & Kiattipoom Kiatkawsin & Chung Hun Lee, 2023. "Antecedents of Booster Vaccine Intention for Domestic and International Travel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Rosse Marie Esparza-Huamanchumo & Rosa Jeuna Diaz-Manchay & Maribel Albertina Díaz-Vásquez, 2023. "Virtual Educational Intervention of Craftswomen Working with Native Peruvian Cotton during COVID-19 for Reactivating the Artisian Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-13, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Songhong Chen & Jian Ming Luo, 2023. "Understand Delegates Risk Attitudes and Behaviour: The Moderating Effect of Trust in COVID-19 Vaccination," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Eeman Almokdad & Kiattipoom Kiatkawsin & Chung Hun Lee, 2023. "Antecedents of Booster Vaccine Intention for Domestic and International Travel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.
    3. Zahra Fozouni Ardekani & Seyed Mohammad Javad Sobhani & Marcelo Werneck Barbosa & Ehsan Amiri-Ardekani & Samaneh Dehghani & Najmeh Sasani & Hans De Steur, 2024. "Determinants of household food waste behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran: an integrated model," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(10), pages 26205-26235, October.
    4. Farooq, Ali & Laato, Samuli & Islam, A.K.M. Najmul & Isoaho, Jouni, 2021. "Understanding the impact of information sources on COVID-19 related preventive measures in Finland," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    5. Ni, Lei & Chen, Yu-wang & de Brujin, Oscar, 2021. "Towards understanding socially influenced vaccination decision making: An integrated model of multiple criteria belief modelling and social network analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 293(1), pages 276-289.
    6. Talal Daghriri & Michael Proctor & Sarah Matthews, 2022. "Evolution of Select Epidemiological Modeling and the Rise of Population Sentiment Analysis: A Literature Review and COVID-19 Sentiment Illustration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-20, March.
    7. Shiqi Zhang & Tianwei Sun & Yuan Lu, 2023. "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Tourists’ Risk Perceptions: Tourism Policies’ Mediating Role in Sustainable and Resilient Recovery in the New Normal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-20, January.
    8. Chaojun Li & Xinjia Huang, 2022. "How Does COVID-19 Risk Perception Affect Wellness Tourist Intention: Findings on Chinese Generation Z," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    9. Grigore Vasile Herman & Corina Florina Tătar & Marcu Simion Stașac & Victor Lucian Cosman, 2023. "Exploring the Relationship between Tourist Perception and Motivation at a Museum Attraction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
    10. Ying Zhu & Xiaowei Wen & May Chu & Gongliang Zhang & Xuefan Liu, 2021. "Consumers’ Food Safety Risk Communication on Social Media Following the Suan Tang Zi Accident: An Extended Protection Motivation Theory Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-19, July.
    11. Çalişkan, Uğur & Gursoy, Dogan & Özer, Özgür & Chi, Oscar Hengxuan, 2022. "Effects of Tourism on Local Residents’ Quality of Life, Happiness and Life Satisfaction: Moderating Role of the COVID-19 Risk Perceptions," Journal of Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, Cinturs - Research Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, University of Algarve, vol. 10(4), pages 274-291.
    12. Wei Quan & Jichul Jang & Aleksandar Radic & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Heesup Han, 2023. "Safe Destination Choice Among Tourism-Product Consumers in the New Era of Tourism," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, October.
    13. Angerer, Silvia & Glätzle-Rützler, Daniela & Lergetporer, Philipp & Rittmannsberger, Thomas, 2023. "How does the vaccine approval procedure affect COVID-19 vaccination intentions?," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    14. Omar, Nor Asiah & Nazri, Muhamad Azrin & Ali, Mohd Helmi & Alam, Syed Shah, 2021. "The panic buying behavior of consumers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining the influences of uncertainty, perceptions of severity, perceptions of scarcity, and anxiety," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    15. Li Sun & Jin Chen & Xiankai Huang, 2024. "Navigating Health-Related Crises: Unraveling the Role of Confidence in Tourism Recovery in Shaping Sustainable Strategies for Tourists’ Intentions across Pandemic Phases," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-25, September.
    16. Griffin, Bethany & Conner, Mark & Norman, Paul, 2022. "Applying an extended protection motivation theory to predict Covid-19 vaccination intentions and uptake in 50–64 year olds in the UK," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    17. Susana Silva & Paulo Carvalho, 2023. "Visit and Management of Historic Gardens during COVID-19 from the Owners/Managers Perspective: Portugal as a Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-21, January.
    18. Yanjing Gao & Lijun Chen, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 Risk Perception on Residents’ Behavioural Intention towards Forest Therapy Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-18, September.
    19. Jian Yang & Jian Ming Luo & Rui Yao, 2022. "How Fear of COVID-19 Affects the Behavioral Intention of Festival Participants—A Case of the HANFU Festival," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-17, February.
    20. Brielle Lillywhite & Gregor Wolbring, 2022. "Risk Narrative of Emergency and Disaster Management, Preparedness, and Planning (EDMPP): The Importance of the ‘Social’," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-36, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8714-:d:864966. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.