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Difference between Minorities and Majorities in the Association between COVID-19-Related Stress and Psychological Distress: A Socio-Ecological Perspective and the Moderating Role of Parenthood

Author

Listed:
  • Lubna Tannous-Haddad

    (Behavioral Sciences Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel)

  • Dorit Hadar-Shoval

    (Psychology Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel)

  • Michal Alon-Tirosh

    (Behavioral Sciences Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel)

  • Kfir Asraf

    (Psychology Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel)

  • Orna Tzischinsky

    (Educational Counseling Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel)

Abstract

This study introduces a socio-ecological perspective of differences in psychological distress between the Palestinian minority and Jewish majority citizens of Israel during lockdown due to COVID-19. The study examines the association between COVID-19-related stress and psychological distress, and the moderating effect of parenthood. Online questionnaires, completed by 1934 participants (1391 Jews, 552 Palestinians; 1306 parents, 637 without children; 54.86% female, 45.13% male; M age = 40.38, SD = 13.77) assessed COVID-19-related stressors and depression, anxiety, and stress. The Palestinian minority showed a higher level of COVID-19-related stress and psychological distress than the Jewish majority. Parenthood showed a moderating effect on the association between COVID-19-related stress and distress for the Jewish majority but not the Palestinian minority. The results emphasize the significance of considering social status when seeking to understand the differences between minorities and majorities in terms of distress and resilience during pandemic events, and the need for cultural sensitivity and awareness when issuing instructions in such circumstances. Additionally, the results highlight the potential role of parenthood as a resilience factor, depending upon social status.

Suggested Citation

  • Lubna Tannous-Haddad & Dorit Hadar-Shoval & Michal Alon-Tirosh & Kfir Asraf & Orna Tzischinsky, 2022. "Difference between Minorities and Majorities in the Association between COVID-19-Related Stress and Psychological Distress: A Socio-Ecological Perspective and the Moderating Role of Parenthood," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-11, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8283-:d:857357
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shaul Kimhi & Yohanan Eshel & Hadas Marciano & Bruria Adini, 2020. "Distress and Resilience in the Days of COVID-19: Comparing Two Ethnicities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-11, June.
    2. Alessio Gori & Eleonora Topino, 2021. "Across the COVID-19 Waves; Assessing Temporal Fluctuations in Perceived Stress, Post-Traumatic Symptoms, Worry, Anxiety and Civic Moral Disengagement over One Year of Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-14, May.
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