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Psychometric Properties of the Short-Form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-SF) and Its Associated Factors among the Elderly in Bangladesh

Author

Listed:
  • Naznin Sultana

    (Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Thao T. P. Nguyen

    (Health Personnel Training Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue 49120, Vietnam
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ahmed Hossain

    (Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
    Global Health Institute, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
    Research and Development, Health Management BD Foundation, Cox’s Bazar 4700, Bangladesh)

  • Md. Asaduzzaman

    (Department of Public Health Nutrition, Primeasia University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh)

  • Minh H. Nguyen

    (International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan)

  • Ishrat Jahan

    (Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh)

  • Kien T. Nguyen

    (Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi 11910, Vietnam)

  • Tuyen Van Duong

    (School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan)

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to (1) evaluate the psychometric properties of a Comprehensive Short-Form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-SF) and (2) examine the associated factors of GDS-SF among the elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to April 2020 in Dhaka City Corporation, Bangladesh. Data of 377 elderly were collected, including socio-demographic characteristics, social supports, comorbidities, sleep behaviours, and depression (as measured by the GDS-SF). We used the principal component analysis, correlation analysis, and logistic regression analysis to validate GDS-SF, and explore its associations. Results: The GDS-SF was reliable and homogeneous with Cronbach’s alpha = 0.836, and McDonald’s Omega = 0.841, with no floor/ceiling effects. The questionnaire demonstrated a good construct validity with item-scale convergent validity and KMO measure of sampling adequacy (0.869 for the total sample, 0.838 for the community subsample, and 0.851 for the slum subsample). In the multivariate model, older people had a higher likelihood of moderate and severe depression (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00, 1.12; p = 0.048). The likelihood of having moderate and severe depression was lower in men (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.28, 0.85; p = 0.011) and those satisfied with their children’s support (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.08, 0.35; p < 0.001), compared with their counterparts, respectively. Conclusions: The GDS-SF is a reliable and valid survey tool for evaluating depression in Bangladeshi older adults. Age, gender, and satisfaction with children’s support were predictors of depression.

Suggested Citation

  • Naznin Sultana & Thao T. P. Nguyen & Ahmed Hossain & Md. Asaduzzaman & Minh H. Nguyen & Ishrat Jahan & Kien T. Nguyen & Tuyen Van Duong, 2022. "Psychometric Properties of the Short-Form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-SF) and Its Associated Factors among the Elderly in Bangladesh," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:7935-:d:850662
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Md. Sazedur Rahman & Md. Ashfikur Rahman & Md. Saidur Rahman, 2019. "Prevalence and Determinants of Loneliness among Older Adults in Bangladesh," International Journal of Emerging Trends in Social Sciences, Scientific Publishing Institute, vol. 5(2), pages 57-64.
    2. Henry Kaiser, 1974. "An index of factorial simplicity," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 39(1), pages 31-36, March.
    3. Fredric D. Wolinsky & Frederick W. Unverzagt & David M. Smith & Richard Jones & Elizabeth Wright & Sharon L. Tennstedt, 2006. "The Effects of the ACTIVE Cognitive Training Trial on Clinically Relevant Declines in Health-Related Quality of Life," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 61(5), pages 281-287.
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