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Impacts of Spatial Components on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Traditional Linpan Settlements

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  • Lili Zhang

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Haoru Liu

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Dong Wei

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Fei Liu

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Yanru Li

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Haolin Li

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Zhuojun Dong

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Jingyue Cheng

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Lei Tian

    (College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611830, China)

  • Guomin Zhang

    (Civil and Infrastructure Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia)

  • Long Shi

    (Civil and Infrastructure Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia)

Abstract

Traditional settlements have received increasing attention because of China’s rural revitalization. Traditional settlements with excellent thermal comfort in rural areas can attract urban residents, so it is vital to explore the thermal comfort of traditional settlements. For this paper, we studied Linpan settlements, which are scattered traditional settlements that are mainly composed of buildings and trees. Firstly, we visually interpreted Linpan settlements by ArcGIS. A total of 1194 Linpan settlements were classified to obtain the spatial components. The statistical results of Linpan were used in the subsequent experimental design. Then ENVI-met was used to simulate 25 different spatial forms of Linpan obtained by statistical results and orthogonal experiment to explore the most comfortable Linpan layout. The results showed the following: (1) Linpan could improve thermal comfort in both winter and summer. Adjusting the spatial arrangement could maximally increase the mean physiological equivalent temperature (PET) of the whole Linpan area by 1.03 °C in winter and reduce it by 3.02 °C in the summer. (2) At different time points, the influence of different space factors on thermal comfort was also different. The overall significance of each factor on thermal comfort was addressed as follows: vegetation coverage (highly significant) > building number (highly significant) > building form (highly significant) > vegetation distribution (significant), but the building distribution was not significant. (3) The best spatial arrangement scheme was high vegetation coverage, a large number of buildings, tri-courtyard buildings, surrounding vegetation distribution, and surrounding building distribution. The innovation of this paper lies in introduced thermal comfort into the traditional Linpan settlement, extracted spatial features of buildings and vegetation by visual interpretation combined with GIS software, and the fact that we conducted the experimental design of microclimate and thermal comfort based on spatial features. The research results can guide the outdoor thermal environment renewal design of Linpan and other traditional settlements.

Suggested Citation

  • Lili Zhang & Haoru Liu & Dong Wei & Fei Liu & Yanru Li & Haolin Li & Zhuojun Dong & Jingyue Cheng & Lei Tian & Guomin Zhang & Long Shi, 2022. "Impacts of Spatial Components on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Traditional Linpan Settlements," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-26, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6421-:d:823668
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yingbao Yang & Xize Zhang & Xi Lu & Jia Hu & Xin Pan & Qin Zhu & Weizhong Su, 2017. "Effects of Building Design Elements on Residential Thermal Environment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Yumin Ye & Richard LeGates & Bo Qin, 2013. "Coordinated Urban-Rural Development Planning in China," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 79(2), pages 125-137, April.
    3. Shuang Wu & Ning Wu & Bo Zhong, 2020. "What Ecosystem Services Flowing from Linpan System—A Cultural Landscape in Chengdu Plain, Southwest China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-22, May.
    4. Yibin Ao & Hongying Zhang & Linchuan Yang & Yan Wang & Igor Martek & Gang Wang, 2021. "Impacts of earthquake knowledge and risk perception on earthquake preparedness of rural residents," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 107(2), pages 1287-1310, June.
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