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Financing rapid community reconstruction after catastrophic disaster: lessons from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China

Author

Listed:
  • Yu Xiao

    (Portland State University)

  • Robert Olshansky

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

  • Yang Zhang

    (Virginia Tech)

  • Laurie A. Johnson

    (Laurie Johnson Consulting)

  • Yan Song

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

Abstract

Catastrophic disasters can change the course of urban development and challenge the long-run sustainability of cities and regions. How to rapidly reconstruct communities impaired by catastrophic disaster is a world-wide challenge. The reconstruction after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China was an unusual case of very rapid reconstruction after a catastrophic disaster. Over US$147 billion was invested to rebuild the damaged areas within 3 years. The reconstruction was not simply building back what was destroyed, but was used as an opportunity to advance national goals for urbanization, rural transformation, and poverty reduction. In this article, we review how the reconstruction was planned, budgeted, and financed in the sociopolitical context of 2008 China. Particularly, we discuss two innovative programs, namely pair assistance and land-based financing. Despite the unique circumstances of China, lessons can be learned to speed up post-disaster reconstruction and urban development in other countries. Conversely, this case illustrates that a narrow focus on physical reconstruction may overlook broader economic and social issues.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu Xiao & Robert Olshansky & Yang Zhang & Laurie A. Johnson & Yan Song, 2020. "Financing rapid community reconstruction after catastrophic disaster: lessons from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 104(1), pages 5-30, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:104:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1007_s11069-019-03789-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-019-03789-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yi Peng & Liyin Shen & Cong Tan & Dalu Tan & Hao Wang, 2013. "Critical determinant factors (CDFs) for developing concentrated rural settlement in post-disaster reconstruction: a China study," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 66(2), pages 355-373, March.
    2. Yan Song & Chaosu Li & Robert Olshansky & Yang Zhang & Yu Xiao, 2017. "Are we planning for sustainable disaster recovery? Evaluating recovery plans after the Wenchuan earthquake," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(12), pages 2192-2216, December.
    3. Yumin Ye & Richard LeGates & Bo Qin, 2013. "Coordinated Urban-Rural Development Planning in China," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 79(2), pages 125-137, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Homa Bahmani & Wei Zhang, 2021. "Application of System Thinking and Factors Interrelationship Analysis to Identify Primary Success Factors of Post-Natural Disaster Recovery Projects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-24, March.
    2. Haorui Wu, 2021. "When Housing and Communities Were Delivered: A Case Study of Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Rural Reconstruction and Recovery," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-18, July.
    3. Acar, Müge & Kaya, Onur, 2023. "Dynamic inventory decisions for humanitarian aid materials considering budget limitations," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).

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