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Long-Term Interannual and Seasonal Links between the Nutrient Regime, Sestonic Chlorophyll and Dominant Bluegreen Algae under the Varying Intensity of Monsoon Precipitation in a Drinking Water Reservoir

Author

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  • Ji Yoon Kim

    (Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
    Indicates equal author contributions.)

  • Usman Atique

    (Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
    Indicates equal author contributions.)

  • Md Mamun

    (Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea)

  • Kwang-Guk An

    (Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea)

Abstract

Long-term variations in reservoir water chemistry could provide essential data in making sustainable water quality management decisions. Here, we analyzed the spatiotemporal variabilities of nutrients, sestonic chlorophyll-a (CHL-a), nutrient enrichment, dominant algal species, and overall chemical water health of the third-largest drinking water reservoir in South Korea during 2000–2020. Our results distinctly explained the strong influence of monsoon rainfall on spatial and annual water chemistry variations. We observed a consistent increase in the chemical oxygen demand alluding to organic matter pollutants, while a steady declining trend in the sestonic CHL-a. The long-term total phosphorus (TP) level showed a steady reduction from the riverine zone to the lacustrine area. However, a higher total coliform bacteria (TCB) was observed at the water intake tower sites. TP displayed a strong link to algal CHL-a and ambient nitrogen phosphorus ratios, suggesting a robust phosphorus-limitation state. The severe phosphorus-limitation was also corroborated by the findings of trophic state index deviation. The high and low flow dynamics exhibited the strong influence of intensive rainfall carrying many nutrients and sediments and flushing out the sestonic CHL-a. Successive eutrophic conditions prevailed along with dominating blue-green algae species (Microcystis and Anabaena). We observed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.62) between water temperature and CHL-a and between total suspended solids and TP (r = 0.65). The multi-metric water pollution index characterized the overall water quality as ‘good’ at all the study sites. In conclusion, the long-term spatiotemporal variabilities of the ecological functions based on the nutrient-CHL-a empirical models are regulated mainly by the intensive monsoon precipitation. The drinking water could become hazardous under the recurrent eutrophication events and chemical degradations due to uncontrolled and untreated inflow of sewage and wastewater treatment plant effluents. Therefore, we strongly advocate stringent criteria to mitigate phosphorus and organic pollutant influx for sustainable management of Daecheong Reservoir.

Suggested Citation

  • Ji Yoon Kim & Usman Atique & Md Mamun & Kwang-Guk An, 2021. "Long-Term Interannual and Seasonal Links between the Nutrient Regime, Sestonic Chlorophyll and Dominant Bluegreen Algae under the Varying Intensity of Monsoon Precipitation in a Drinking Water Reservo," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:6:p:2871-:d:515066
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jang HaRa & Usman Atique & Kwang-Guk An, 2020. "Multiyear Links between Water Chemistry, Algal Chlorophyll, Drought-Flood Regime, and Nutrient Enrichment in a Morphologically Complex Reservoir," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-22, April.
    2. Anna M. Michalak, 2016. "Study role of climate change in extreme threats to water quality," Nature, Nature, vol. 535(7612), pages 349-350, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yang Luo & Jin-Wen Liu & Jian-Wei Wu & Zheng Yuan & Ji-Wei Zhang & Chao Gao & Zhi-Yu Lin, 2022. "Comprehensive Assessment of Eutrophication in Xiamen Bay and Its Implications for Management Strategy in Southeast China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Md Mamun & Usman Atique & Ji Yoon Kim & Kwang-Guk An, 2021. "Seasonal Water Quality and Algal Responses to Monsoon-Mediated Nutrient Enrichment, Flow Regime, Drought, and Flood in a Drinking Water Reservoir," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-22, October.
    3. Ye-eun Moon & Hyun-su Kim, 2021. "Inter-Annual and Seasonal Variations of Water Quality and Trophic Status of a Reservoir with Fluctuating Monsoon Precipitation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-23, August.

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