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Validation and Adaptation of the Slovak Version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)

Author

Listed:
  • Martina Petrikova

    (Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Univerzitní 22, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic)

  • Natalia Kascakova

    (Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Univerzitní 22, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic
    Psychiatric-Psychotherapeutic Outpatient Clinic, Heydukova 27, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia)

  • Jana Furstova

    (Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Univerzitní 22, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic)

  • Jozef Hasto

    (Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Univerzitní 22, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic
    Department of Social Work, St. Elizabeth College of Health and Social Work, Palackeho 1, 81102 Bratislava, Slovakia
    Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia)

  • Peter Tavel

    (Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Univerzitní 22, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Background: Previous research has shown a strong relationship between childhood trauma and worsened physical and mental health. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) is a commonly used tool assessing early traumatic experiences. The aim of this study was to verify the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the CTQ. Methods: Data were collected on a representative Slovak sample (N = 1018, mean age 46.24 years, 48.7% of men). The dimensional structure of the CTQ was tested by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); convergent validity was assessed using the Adverse Childhood Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Results: CFA confirmed the standard 5-factor CTQ model. The subscales of the CTQ and the ACE-IQ questionnaires showed moderate to high correlations. The internal consistency of the scale was found to be acceptable. Emotional neglect (EN) was reported in 48.1%, physical neglect (PN) in 35.8%, emotional abuse in 15.8%, physical abuse (PA) in 11.0%, and sexual abuse (SA) in 9.1% of the Slovak population, according to the scoring, when even low abuse or neglect is assessed as trauma. Conclusion: The CTQ questionnaire fulfilled the validation criteria and appeared to be a suitable method for assessing retrospectively reported childhood trauma experiences in the Slovak population.

Suggested Citation

  • Martina Petrikova & Natalia Kascakova & Jana Furstova & Jozef Hasto & Peter Tavel, 2021. "Validation and Adaptation of the Slovak Version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2440-:d:508984
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alice Kosarkova & Klara Malinakova & Zuzana Koncalova & Peter Tavel & Jitse P. van Dijk, 2020. "Childhood Trauma Is Associated with the Spirituality of Non-Religious Respondents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-11, February.
    2. Kanako Ito & Satomi Doi & Aya Isumi & Takeo Fujiwara, 2021. "Association between Childhood Maltreatment History and Premenstrual Syndrome," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-9, January.
    3. Alice Kosarkova & Klara Malinakova & Jitse P. van Dijk & Peter Tavel, 2020. "Anxiety and Avoidance in Adults and Childhood Trauma Are Associated with Negative Religious Coping," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-14, July.
    4. Sunah Kim & Go-Un Kim & Suin Park, 2020. "Prevalence of Traumatic Experiences in South Korean Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-12, June.
    5. Rosana E Norman & Munkhtsetseg Byambaa & Rumna De & Alexander Butchart & James Scott & Theo Vos, 2012. "The Long-Term Health Consequences of Child Physical Abuse, Emotional Abuse, and Neglect: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(11), pages 1-31, November.
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    7. Yueyue Zhou & Yiming Liang & Jin Cheng & Hao Zheng & Zhengkui Liu, 2019. "Child Maltreatment in Western China: Demographic Differences and Associations with Mental Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-14, September.
    8. Natalia Kascakova & Jana Furstova & Jozef Hasto & Andrea Madarasova Geckova & Peter Tavel, 2020. "The Unholy Trinity: Childhood Trauma, Adulthood Anxiety, and Long-Term Pain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-14, January.
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    1. Keith Willoughby & Serena Atallah & Kim Arbeau & Jenn Pearce & Thomas Ketelaars & Jeff St. Pierre, 2024. "An Examination of Underlying Domains in Childhood Adversity: A Scoping Review of Studies Conducting Factor Analyses on Adverse Childhood Experiences," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(11), pages 1-25, October.

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