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A Person-Centered Approach to Job Insecurity: Is There a Reciprocal Relationship between the Quantitative and Qualitative Dimensions of Job Insecurity?

Author

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  • Sonia Nawrocka

    (Research Group Work, Organisational and Personnel Psychology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
    Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy)

  • Hans De Witte

    (Research Group Work, Organisational and Personnel Psychology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
    Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa)

  • Margherita Pasini

    (Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy)

  • Margherita Brondino

    (Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy)

Abstract

Radical transformations in the current work model induce qualitative job insecurity (i.e., a threat to job characteristics) and strengthen quantitative job insecurity (i.e., a threat to job loss). Both dimensions are separate yet interdependent work stressors. Although organisational changes are often the core source for both types of job insecurity, it is predominantly a subjective experience—individual perception ultimately determines the risk and the consequences of these threats. So far, the between-person analysis suggests that the relationship between the two dimensions is in both directions. However, it is not clear whether these associations also reflect within-person processes. This study proposes and tests the reciprocal relationship between quantitative and qualitative job insecurity at the within-person level. We employed a multiple indicator random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) to test these associations within-person while controlling for between-person differences. We used three-wave longitudinal data (6 months’ time lag) collected from a Belgian working population (N = 3694). The results suggest a unidirectional relationship (from quantitative to qualitative job insecurity). Furthermore, the results reveal significant within-person carry-over effects of quantitative job insecurity but not for qualitative job insecurity. Overall, these results suggest that a change in the experience of threats to job loss (i.e., higher-than-usual quantitative job insecurity) not only anticipates higher-than-usual threats to job loss (autoregressive paths) but also higher-than-usual threats to job characteristics (i.e., qualitative job insecurity), six months later. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion on how job insecurity dimensions influence each other. Given these results and the continuous changes to how we work, we call for further research to better understand the within-person processes of job insecurity development.

Suggested Citation

  • Sonia Nawrocka & Hans De Witte & Margherita Pasini & Margherita Brondino, 2023. "A Person-Centered Approach to Job Insecurity: Is There a Reciprocal Relationship between the Quantitative and Qualitative Dimensions of Job Insecurity?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(7), pages 1-27, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:7:p:5280-:d:1108904
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nele De Cuyper & Anahí Van Hootegem & Kelly Smet & Ellen Houben & Hans De Witte, 2019. "All Insecure, All Good? Job Insecurity Profiles in Relation to Career Correlates," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Sonia Nawrocka & Hans De Witte & Margherita Brondino & Margherita Pasini, 2021. "On the Reciprocal Relationship between Quantitative and Qualitative Job Insecurity and Outcomes. Testing a Cross-Lagged Longitudinal Mediation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-28, June.
    3. Griep, Yannick & Lukic, Alexandra & Kraak, Johannes M. & Bohle, Sergio Andrés López & Jiang, Lixin & Vander Elst, Tinne & De Witte, Hans, 2021. "The chicken or the egg: The reciprocal relationship between job insecurity and mental health complaints," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 170-186.
    4. Wunsch, Guillaume & Mouchart, Michel & Russo, Federica, 2010. "Do we necessarily need longitudinal data to infer causal relations?," LIDAM Reprints ISBA 2010016, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA).
    5. Rosseel, Yves, 2012. "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i02).
    6. Jahoda,Marie, 1982. "Employment and Unemployment," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521285865, January.
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