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Prevalence and Determinants of Immediate and Long-Term PTSD Consequences of Coronavirus-Related (CoV-1 and CoV-2) Pandemics among Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Buthaina al Falasi

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates
    These authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • Mouza al Mazrouei

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates
    These authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • Mai al Ali

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates
    These authors contributed equally to this study.)

  • Maithah al Dhamani

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates)

  • Aisha al Ali

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates)

  • Mariam al Kindi

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates)

  • Murat Dalkilinc

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates)

  • Mai al Qubaisi

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates)

  • Luciana Aparecida Campos

    (College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
    Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at Sao Jose dos Campos Technology Park, Sao Jose dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
    Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University-Laureate International Universities, Sao Jose dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil)

  • Hashel al Tunaiji

    (Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 3740, United Arab Emirates
    H.a.T. and O.C.B. should be considered joint senior author.)

  • Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu

    (Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at Sao Jose dos Campos Technology Park, Sao Jose dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
    Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University-Laureate International Universities, Sao Jose dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
    College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
    H.a.T. and O.C.B. should be considered joint senior author.)

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to rise. In order to control the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare professionals have been subjected to increased exposure to work stress. In this systematic review, we aimed at investigating the prevalence and determinants of immediate and long-term post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) effects on healthcare professionals by the COVID-19 (SARS CoV-2) and SARS-2003 (SARS CoV-1) pandemics. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the recommendations of the Protocols for Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Only studies reporting the prevalence of PTSD (frequency, percentage) and related risk factors (adjusted odds ratio (OR)) in healthcare professionals (HCPs) during the SARS CoV-2 and SARS CoV-1 pandemics were included. The following databases were screened: Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, and Health Psychosocial Instrument (HaPI). Results: Six of eight studies reported PTSD symptoms among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in China (three), Singapore (one), India (one), and the United States of America (USA) (two), while two studies reported symptoms during the SARS-2003 pandemic in China (one) and Singapore (one). Sample sizes ranged from 263 to 5062 with a combined total of 10,074 participants. All of the studies self-reported the level of exposure to coronaviruses (CoV-1 and CoV-2) and severity of PTSD. Seven studies reported the prevalence of immediate PTSD and determinants, while one study reported delayed-onset PTSD (3 years after CoV-1 pandemic). Determinants of immediate PTSD were reported for the CoV-2 pandemic, while those for long-term PTSD were reported for the CoV-1 pandemic. Conclusions: A comprehensive understanding of the prevalence and determinants of immediate or long-term pandemic PTSD for healthcare workers can improve prevention, diagnosis, and management. Rigorous research measuring the prevalence of PTSD and its associated risk factors (adjusted OR) for the CoV-2 pandemic are envisaged. Although strategies to resolve immediate PTSD are key, long-term PTSD must not be overlooked.

Suggested Citation

  • Buthaina al Falasi & Mouza al Mazrouei & Mai al Ali & Maithah al Dhamani & Aisha al Ali & Mariam al Kindi & Murat Dalkilinc & Mai al Qubaisi & Luciana Aparecida Campos & Hashel al Tunaiji & Ovidiu Con, 2021. "Prevalence and Determinants of Immediate and Long-Term PTSD Consequences of Coronavirus-Related (CoV-1 and CoV-2) Pandemics among Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:2182-:d:504362
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anliu Nie & Xiangfen Su & Shuzeng Zhang & Wenjie Guan & Jianfeng Li, 2020. "Psychological impact of COVID‐19 outbreak on frontline nurses: A cross‐sectional survey study," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(21-22), pages 4217-4226, November.
    2. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wei Song & Taiyang Zhao & Ershuai Huang, 2022. "How Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect People’s Willingness to Pay for Health in the Short and Long Term? A Longitudinal Study during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-11, January.

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