IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i4p1617-d495810.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effects of COVID-19 on Urban Population Flow in China

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaorong Jiang

    (College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China)

  • Wei Wei

    (College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China)

  • Shenglan Wang

    (College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China)

  • Tao Zhang

    (College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China)

  • Chengpeng Lu

    (Institute of County Economic Development & Rural Revitalization Strategy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China)

Abstract

The COVID-19 epidemic has become a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Thus, this sudden health incident has brought great risk and pressure to the city with dense population flow. A deep understanding of the migration characteristics and laws of the urban population in China will play a very positive role in the prevention and control of the epidemic situation. Based on Baidu location-based service (LBS) big data, using complex networks method and geographic visualization tools, this paper explores the spatial structure evolution of population flow network (PFN) in 368 cities of China under different traffic control situations. Effective distance models and linear regression models were established to analyze how the population flow across cities affects the spread of the epidemic. Our findings show that: (1) the scope of population flow is closely related to the administrative level of the city and the traffic control policies in various cities which adjust with the epidemic situation; The PFN mainly presents the hierarchical structure dominated by the urban hierarchy and the regional isolation structure adjacent to the geographical location.(2) through the analysis network topology structure of PFN, it is found that only the first stage has a large clustering coefficient and a relatively short average path length, which conforms to the characteristics of small world network. The epidemic situation has a great impact on the network topology in other stages, and the network structure tends to be centralized. (3) The overall migration scale of the whole country decreased by 36.85% compared with the same period of last year’s lunar calendar, and a further reduction of 78.52% in the nationwide traffic control stage after the festival. (4) Finally, based on the comparison of the effective distance and the spatial distance from the Wuhan to other destination cities, it is demonstrated that there is a higher correlation between the effective distance and the epidemic spread both in Hubei province and the whole country.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaorong Jiang & Wei Wei & Shenglan Wang & Tao Zhang & Chengpeng Lu, 2021. "Effects of COVID-19 on Urban Population Flow in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-14, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1617-:d:495810
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/4/1617/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/4/1617/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Duncan J. Watts & Steven H. Strogatz, 1998. "Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks," Nature, Nature, vol. 393(6684), pages 440-442, June.
    2. Clifford Lynch, 2008. "How do your data grow?," Nature, Nature, vol. 455(7209), pages 28-29, September.
    3. Daniel Arribas-Bel & Jessie Bakens, 2019. "Use and validation of location-based services in urban research: An example with Dutch restaurants," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(5), pages 868-884, April.
    4. Wenjie Wu & Jianghao Wang & Tianshi Dai, 2016. "The Geography of Cultural Ties and Human Mobility: Big Data in Urban Contexts," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 106(3), pages 612-630, May.
    5. Ying Jin & Ye Wei & Chunliang Xiu & Wei Song & Kaixian Yang, 2019. "Study on Structural Characteristics of China’s Passenger Airline Network Based on Network Motifs Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-15, April.
    6. Kathryn C. Finch & Kassandra R. Snook & Carmen H. Duke & King-Wa Fu & Zion Tsz Ho Tse & Atin Adhikari & Isaac Chun-Hai Fung, 2016. "Public health implications of social media use during natural disasters, environmental disasters, and other environmental concerns," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 83(1), pages 729-760, August.
    7. Umit Can & Bilal Alatas, 2017. "Big Social Network Data and Sustainable Economic Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-19, November.
    8. Jayson S. Jia & Xin Lu & Yun Yuan & Ge Xu & Jianmin Jia & Nicholas A. Christakis, 2020. "Population flow drives spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 in China," Nature, Nature, vol. 582(7812), pages 389-394, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Nadia Yusuf & Lamia Saud Shesha, 2021. "Economic Role of Population Density during Pandemics—A Comparative Analysis of Saudi Arabia and China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Fang Wu & Mingyao Gu & Chenming Zhu & Yingna Qu, 2023. "Temporal-Spatial Evolution and Trend Prediction of the Supply Efficiency of Primary Medical Health Service—An Empirical Study Based on Central and Western Regions of China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-23, January.
    3. Wenfang Zhong & Rong Yin & Yan Pan & Xiangliang Zhang & Andre M. N. Renzaho & Li Ling & Xingge Li & Wen Chen, 2022. "Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Hospital Visits of Rural Residents in Guangdong, China: A Controlled Interrupted Time Series Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-17, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ruoxin Zhu & Diao Lin & Yujing Wang & Michael Jendryke & Rui Xin & Jian Yang & Jianzhong Guo & Liqiu Meng, 2020. "Social Sensing of the Imbalance of Urban and Regional Development in China Through the Population Migration Network around Spring Festival," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-21, April.
    2. Shenzhen Tian & Xueming Li & Jun Yang & Hui Wang & Jianke Guo, 2023. "Spatiotemporal evolution of pseudo human settlements: case study of 36 cities in the three provinces of Northeast China from 2011 to 2018," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 1742-1772, February.
    3. Zhangbo Yang & Jiahao Zhang & Shanxing Gao & Hui Wang, 2022. "Complex Contact Network of Patients at the Beginning of an Epidemic Outbreak: An Analysis Based on 1218 COVID-19 Cases in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-17, January.
    4. Claudio Vitari & Elisabetta Raguseo, 2016. "Big data value and financial performance: an empirical investigation [Digital data, dynamic capability and financial performance: an empirical investigation in the era of Big Data]," Post-Print halshs-01923271, HAL.
    5. Samrachana Adhikari & Beau Dabbs, 2018. "Social Network Analysis in R: A Software Review," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 43(2), pages 225-253, April.
    6. Wang, Xiaojie & Slamu, Wushour & Guo, Wenqiang & Wang, Sixiu & Ren, Yan, 2022. "A novel semi local measure of identifying influential nodes in complex networks," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    7. Wang, Peipei & Liu, Haiyan & Zheng, Xinqi & Ma, Ruifang, 2023. "A new method for spatio-temporal transmission prediction of COVID-19," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    8. Lin, Dan & Wu, Jiajing & Xuan, Qi & Tse, Chi K., 2022. "Ethereum transaction tracking: Inferring evolution of transaction networks via link prediction," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 600(C).
    9. Vasile-Daniel Păvăloaia & Elena-Mădălina Teodor & Doina Fotache & Magdalena Danileţ, 2019. "Opinion Mining on Social Media Data: Sentiment Analysis of User Preferences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-21, August.
    10. Ferreira, D.S.R. & Ribeiro, J. & Oliveira, P.S.L. & Pimenta, A.R. & Freitas, R.P. & Dutra, R.S. & Papa, A.R.R. & Mendes, J.F.F., 2022. "Spatiotemporal analysis of earthquake occurrence in synthetic and worldwide data," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 165(P2).
    11. Qinghu Liao & Wenwen Dong & Boxin Zhao, 2023. "A New Strategy to Solve “the Tragedy of the Commons” in Sustainable Grassland Ecological Compensation: Experience from Inner Mongolia, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-24, June.
    12. Jianhong Chen & Hongcai Ma & Shan Yang, 2023. "SEIOR Rumor Propagation Model Considering Hesitating Mechanism and Different Rumor-Refuting Ways in Complex Networks," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-22, January.
    13. Daniel Reisinger & Fabian Tschofenig & Raven Adam & Marie Lisa Kogler & Manfred Füllsack & Fabian Veider & Georg Jäger, 2024. "Patterns of stability in complex contagions," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 7(2), pages 1895-1911, October.
    14. Gregory Gutin & Tomohiro Hirano & Sung-Ha Hwang & Philip R. Neary & Alexis Akira Toda, 2021. "The effect of social distancing on the reach of an epidemic in social networks," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 16(3), pages 629-647, July.
    15. Jie, Ke-Wei & Liu, San-Yang & Sun, Xiao-Jun & Xu, Yun-Cheng, 2023. "A dynamic ripple-spreading algorithm for solving mean–variance of shortest path model in uncertain random networks," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    16. Yu Gong & Xiaojiang Xu & Changping Zhao & Tobias Schoenherr, 2024. "Multi-Tier Supply Chain Learning Networks: A Simulation Study Based on the Experience-Weighted Attraction (EWA) Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-25, May.
    17. X. Angela Yao & Andrew Crooks & Bin Jiang & Jukka Krisp & Xintao Liu & Haosheng Huang, 2023. "An overview of urban analytical approaches to combating the Covid-19 pandemic," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 50(5), pages 1133-1143, June.
    18. Divakaruni, Anantha & Zimmerman, Peter, 2023. "The Lightning Network: Turning Bitcoin into money," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    19. Leto Peel & Tiago P. Peixoto & Manlio De Domenico, 2022. "Statistical inference links data and theory in network science," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    20. Chen, Feng & Wu, Bin & Lou, Wen-qian & Zhu, Bo-wen, 2024. "Impact of dual-credit policy on diffusion of technology R & D among automakers: Based on an evolutionary game model with technology-spillover in complex network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1617-:d:495810. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.