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Occupational Stress in Spanish Police Officers: Validating the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire

Author

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  • Lourdes Luceño-Moreno

    (Department of Social and Work Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain)

  • Beatriz Talavera-Velasco

    (Department of Education, Faculty of Languages and Education, Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • Marian Jaén-Díaz

    (Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economics and Business Sciences, Pontificia Comillas University, 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jesús Martín-García

    (Department of Social and Work Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

The Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (hereinafter, ERIQ) has been largely used worldwide to assess job stress, but it has not yet been applied in Spanish police. The objective of this study was to examine the construct validity and the internal consistency of the ERIQ in police officers. A cross-sectional study was carried out, using a nonprobability sampling (quota). A total of 217 Spanish police officers participated, 192 men (88.47%) and 25 women (11.53%). The mean age was 41 years ( SD = 7.51). These police officers completed the ERIQ together with some other questionnaires (DECORE-21, MBI, GHQ and STAI) in order to provide evidence for validity based on the relationships to other constructs. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and a matrix of correlations with the rest of constructs was created. The results showed an appropriate fit to the original model consisting of three scales. In addition, the scales of the ERIQ presented the expected relationship with the other constructs. The ERIQ is a valid instrument for assessing occupational stress in Spanish police officers and can improve the interventions in this professional group.

Suggested Citation

  • Lourdes Luceño-Moreno & Beatriz Talavera-Velasco & Marian Jaén-Díaz & Jesús Martín-García, 2021. "Occupational Stress in Spanish Police Officers: Validating the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-11, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1393-:d:492357
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Beatriz Talavera-Velasco & Lourdes Luceño-Moreno & Jesús Martín García & Daniel Vázquez-Estévez, 2018. "DECORE-21: Assessment of occupational stress in police. Confirmatory factor analysis of the original model," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(10), pages 1-11, October.
    2. N.T.Azharudeen & A.Anton Arulrajah, 2018. "The Relationships among Emotional Demand, Job Demand, Emotional Exhaustion and Turnover Intention," International Business Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(11), pages 8-18, November.
    3. Bosma, H. & Peter, R. & Siegrist, J. & Marmot, M., 1998. "Two alternative job stress models and the risk of coronary heart disease," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 88(1), pages 68-74.
    4. Siegrist, Johannes & Starke, Dagmar & Chandola, Tarani & Godin, Isabelle & Marmot, Michael & Niedhammer, Isabelle & Peter, Richard, 2004. "The measurement of effort-reward imbalance at work: European comparisons," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 58(8), pages 1483-1499, April.
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    1. Viktor Soltes & Jozef Kubas & Andrej Velas & David Michalík, 2021. "Occupational Safety of Municipal Police Officers: Assessing the Vulnerability and Riskiness of Police Officers’ Work," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-19, May.

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