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Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam

Author

Listed:
  • Tuyet-Anh T. Le

    (School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
    Forestry Economics Research Centre, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, 46 Duc Thang Ward, Northern Tu Liem District, Hanoi 11910, Vietnam
    Environmental Policy Institute, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada)

  • Kelly Vodden

    (School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
    Environmental Policy Institute, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada)

  • Jianghua Wu

    (School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada)

  • Ghada Atiwesh

    (Department of Environmental Science, St. John’s Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, NL A1C 5S7, Canada)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the most serious health crises in human history, spreading rapidly across the globe from January 2020 to the present. With prompt and drastic measures, Vietnam is one of the few countries that has largely succeeded in controlling the outbreak. This result is derived from a harmonious combination of many factors, with the policy system playing a key role. This study assessed the policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam from the early days of the outbreak in January 2020 to 24 July 2020 (with a total of 413 cases confirmed and 99 days of no new cases infected from the local community) by synthesizing and evaluating 959 relevant policy documents in different classifications. The findings show that the Vietnamese policy system responded promptly, proactively, and effectively at multiple authority levels (33 different agencies from the national to provincial governments), using a range of policy tools and measures. Parallel to the daily occurrence of 2.24 new cases, 5.13 new policy documents were issued on average per day over the study period. The pandemic policy response over the first six months in Vietnam were divided into four periods, I (23 January–5 March), II (6–19 March), III (20 March–21 April), and IV (22 April–24 July). This paper synthesizes eight solution groups for these four anti-pandemic phases, including outbreak announcements and steering documents, medical measures, blockade of the schools, emergency responses, border and entry control measures, social isolation and nationwide social isolation measures, financial supports, and other measures. By emphasizing diversification of the policy responses, from the agencies to the tools and measures, the case study reviews and shares lessons from the successful COVID-19 prevention and control in Vietnam that could be useful for other nations.

Suggested Citation

  • Tuyet-Anh T. Le & Kelly Vodden & Jianghua Wu & Ghada Atiwesh, 2021. "Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-32, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:559-:d:478453
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Viet-Phuong La & Thanh-Hang Pham & Manh-Toan Ho & Minh-Hoang Nguyen & Khanh-Linh P. Nguyen & Thu-Trang Vuong & Hong-Kong T. Nguyen & Trung Tran & Quy Khuc & Manh-Tung Ho & Quan-Hoang Vuong, 2020. "Policy Response, Social Media and Science Journalism for the Sustainability of the Public Health System Amid the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Vietnam Lessons," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-27, April.
    2. Elizabeth Gibney, 2020. "Whose coronavirus strategy worked best? Scientists hunt most effective policies," Nature, Nature, vol. 581(7806), pages 15-16, May.
    3. Bui Thi Thu Ha & La Ngoc Quang & Tolib Mirzoev & Nguyen Trong Tai & Pham Quang Thai & Phung Cong Dinh, 2020. "Combating the COVID-19 Epidemic: Experiences from Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-7, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Salesi, Vinolia Kilinaivoni & Kan Tsui, Wai Hong & Fu, Xiaowen & Gilbey, Andrew, 2022. "Strategies for South Pacific Region to address future pandemics: Implications for the aviation and tourism sectors based on a systematic literature review (2010–2021)," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 107-126.
    2. Nam Hoang Tran & Nhien Thi Nguyen & Binh Thanh Nguyen & Quang Ngoc Phan, 2022. "Students’ Perceived Well-Being and Online Preference: Evidence from Two Universities in Vietnam during COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-14, September.
    3. Freeman, Toby & Baum, Fran & Musolino, Connie & Flavel, Joanne & McKee, Martin & Chi, Chunhuei & Giugliani, Camila & Falcão, Matheus Zuliane & De Ceukelaire, Wim & Howden-Chapman, Philippa & Nguyen, T, 2023. "Illustrating the impact of commercial determinants of health on the global COVID-19 pandemic: Thematic analysis of 16 country case studies," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    4. Kuo-Jung Lee & Su-Lien Lu, 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 on the Stock Price of Socially Responsible Enterprises: An Empirical Study in Taiwan Stock Market," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-16, February.

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