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Personality Determinants of Diet Quality among Polish and Spanish Physical Education Students

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Gacek

    (Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland)

  • Grażyna Kosiba

    (Department of Theory and Methodology of Physical Education, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Wojtowicz

    (Department of Psychology, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and diet quality indexes among Polish and Spanish physical education students. The study was conducted among students from Poland ( n = 219) and Spain ( n = 280), using the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire and the NEO-FFI (NEO Five-Factor Inventory) questionnaire. Two indexes were used: the Pro-healthy Diet Index (pHDI-10) and the Non-healthy Diet Index (nHDI-14). For statistical analysis, the t -test with independent estimation of variance as well as both Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlation analysis and moderation analysis with simple slopes were used. Polish and Spanish physical education students demonstrated low levels of healthy (pHDI-10) and unhealthy (nHDI-14) diet indexes, with Polish students showing significantly higher intensities of both indicators ( p < 0.001). As extraversion intensified, the levels of pHDI-10 and nHDI-14 increased ( p < 0.05). The nHDI-14 index for all students decreased along with increasing openness to experiences ( p < 0.01) and agreeableness ( p < 0.05), and the pHDI-10 index increased with the rise in conscientiousness ( p < 0.01). Analyses have indicated that the home country is an important moderator of personality relationships with the Non-healthy Diet Index (nHDI-14), which, along with the increase in conscientiousness, increased in students from Spain, while it decreased among students from Poland ( p < 0.001). Polish and Spanish physical education students showed a low level of healthy (pHDI-10) and unhealthy (nHDI-14) diets depending on country of origin. Additionally, significant correlations were noted between the Big Five personality traits and pHDI-10 and nHDI-14 indexes, and a moderating impact was observed by the home country on the relationships of selected personality traits with the Non-healthy Diet Index (nHDI-14).

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Gacek & Grażyna Kosiba & Agnieszka Wojtowicz, 2021. "Personality Determinants of Diet Quality among Polish and Spanish Physical Education Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-13, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:466-:d:476989
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guillermo F. López-Sánchez & Łukasz Radzimiński & Maria Skalska & Joanna Jastrzębska & Lee Smith & Dorota Wakuluk & Zbigniew Jastrzębski, 2019. "Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Physical Activity and Nutrition in Polish and Spanish Male Students of Sports Sciences: Differences and Correlations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-11, March.
    2. Ping Hu & Wenjie Huang & Ruixue Bai & Fan Zhang & Manoj Sharma & Zumin Shi & Xiaoqiu Xiao & Abu S. Abdullah & Yong Zhao, 2016. "Knowledge, Attitude, and Behaviors Related to Eating Out among University Students in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-11, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maria Gacek & Agnieszka Wojtowicz & Adam Popek, 2022. "Personality Determinants of Diet Health Quality among an Elite Group of Polish Team Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Joanna Ratajczak & Urszula Czerniak & Dariusz Wieliński & Monika Ciekot-Sołtysiak & Jacek Zieliński & Piotr Gronek & Anna Demuth, 2021. "Pro-Healthy Diet Properties and Its Determinants among Aging Masters Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-11, July.
    3. Maria Gacek & Agnieszka Wojtowicz & Adam Popek, 2023. "Personality Determinants of Exercise-Related Nutritional Behaviours among Polish Team Sport Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-12, February.
    4. Marian Gil & Mariusz Rudy & Renata Stanisławczyk & Paulina Duma-Kocan & Jagoda Żurek, 2022. "Gender Differences in Eating Habits of Polish Young Adults Aged 20–26," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-15, November.

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