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Differences in the Association between Physical Activity and People’s Resilience and Emotions during Two Consecutive Covid-19 Lockdowns in Israel

Author

Listed:
  • Sima Zach

    (The Wingate Institute, The Academic College at Wingate, Netanya 4290200, Israel
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Sigal Eilat-Adar

    (The Wingate Institute, The Academic College at Wingate, Netanya 4290200, Israel
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Miki Ophir

    (The Wingate Institute, The Academic College at Wingate, Netanya 4290200, Israel)

  • Avital Dotan

    (The Wingate Institute, The Academic College at Wingate, Netanya 4290200, Israel)

Abstract

Governments worldwide have imposed harsh restrictions for decreasing the Covid-19 pandemic and maintaining public health. Yet such limitations have impacted people’s physical activity. This study examined relationships between changes in physical activity and resilience, emotions, and depression during two lockdowns in Israel. An online survey was completed twice by 135 participants during two consecutive lockdowns. The results indicate that resilience and positive emotions were higher, and negative emotions and depression were lower during the second lockdown compared to the first one—even though people spent less time performing physical activity in the later lockdown. Moreover, negative emotions significantly decreased among people who reported increased physical activity during the second lockdown [M = 2.2 (SD = 0.9) compared to M = 1.9 (SD = 0.8) on a scale of 1–5] and increased among those who reported a reduction in activity [M = 1.8 (SD = 0.7) compared to M = 2.2 (SD = 0.7)]. It could therefore be concluded that while the Israeli population’s resilience is higher compared to other populations (who do not regularly deal with crisis situations), their increased physical activity was associated with better resilience and emotions and lower depression scores. Since lockdowns are an extreme yet often repeated phenomenon, it is important to understand the psychological implications of engaging in physical activity.

Suggested Citation

  • Sima Zach & Sigal Eilat-Adar & Miki Ophir & Avital Dotan, 2021. "Differences in the Association between Physical Activity and People’s Resilience and Emotions during Two Consecutive Covid-19 Lockdowns in Israel," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:13217-:d:703047
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elodie Charbonnier & Sarah Le Vigouroux & Aurelie Goncalves, 2021. "Psychological Vulnerability of French University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Four-Wave Longitudinal Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Liat Hamama & Tammie Ronen & Keren Shachar & Michael Rosenbaum, 2013. "Links Between Stress, Positive and Negative Affect, and Life Satisfaction Among Teachers in Special Education Schools," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 731-751, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sean G. Young, 2023. "Hidden Costs of the COVID-19 Pandemic Response," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-7, April.

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