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A Longitudinal Change Patterns of Depression and Its Relationship with Socioeconomic Deprivation among Middle-Aged Adults in South Korea

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  • Soo-Bi Lee

    (Department of Social Welfare (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea)

  • Min-Ji Yu

    (Department of Social Welfare (BK21 FOUR), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea)

  • Myeong-Sook Yoon

    (Department of Social Welfare, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea)

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the longitudinal pattern changes of South Koreans’ midlife depression and determine the impact of socioeconomic deprivation on the observed change in patterns. In total, 3975 middle-aged individuals were examined by conducting a latent class growth analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis on seven years of Korea Welfare Panel data (2012–2018) using STATA 16.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA). The change patterns of midlife depression were classified into normal depression reduction group, mild depression maintenance group, and serious depression increase group. The impact of the experience of socioeconomic deprivation on the classified change patterns was examined using the normal depression reduction group as the reference group. It was found that the higher an individual’s nutritional, housing, occupational/economic, and healthcare deprivation, the higher their risk of mild depression maintenance or serious depression increase. The serious depression increase group showed higher relative risk ratios in all domains. Comprehensive and integrated social welfare services, such as stable income, housing welfare, and healthcare services, should be provided along with appropriate clinical interventions for depression alleviation that account for the pattern changes in midlife depression.

Suggested Citation

  • Soo-Bi Lee & Min-Ji Yu & Myeong-Sook Yoon, 2021. "A Longitudinal Change Patterns of Depression and Its Relationship with Socioeconomic Deprivation among Middle-Aged Adults in South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:12957-:d:697841
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wilkinson, Richard G. & Pickett, Kate E., 2007. "The problems of relative deprivation: Why some societies do better than others," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(9), pages 1965-1978, November.
    2. Salmond, Clare & Crampton, Peter & King, Peter & Waldegrave, Charles, 2006. "NZiDep: A New Zealand index of socioeconomic deprivation for individuals," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(6), pages 1474-1485, March.
    3. PEREZ MAYO Jésus, 2003. "Measuring deprivation in Spain," IRISS Working Paper Series 2003-09, IRISS at CEPS/INSTEAD.
    4. Bengt Muthén & Kerby Shedden, 1999. "Finite Mixture Modeling with Mixture Outcomes Using the EM Algorithm," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 55(2), pages 463-469, June.
    5. Hilke Brockmann, 2010. "Why are Middle-Aged People so Depressed? Evidence from West Germany," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 97(1), pages 23-42, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Young Joo Lee, 2023. "Depression Literacy, Associated Factors, and Correlation of Related Variables in Middle-Aged Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(11), pages 1-11, May.

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