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Differential Effects of Multiple Dimensions of Poverty on Child Behavioral Problems: Results from the A-CHILD Study

Author

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  • Yui Yamaoka

    (Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan)

  • Aya Isumi

    (Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan)

  • Satomi Doi

    (Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan)

  • Manami Ochi

    (Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
    Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama 351-0197, Japan)

  • Takeo Fujiwara

    (Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan)

Abstract

The differential effects of low income and material deprivation—in particular, deprivation related to child educational needs—have not been well examined. This study aimed to examine the effects of low income and life-related and child-related deprivation on child behavioral problems. This study used data from first-grade students who participated in the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) study in 2015, 2017, and 2019 (N = 12,367) in Japan. Material deprivation was divided into life-related deprivation (i.e., lack of items for a living) and child-related deprivation (i.e., lack of children’s books, etc.), and low income was assessed via annual household income. We assessed child behavioral problems and prosocial behavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. One in ten children belonged to low-income families, 15.4% of children experienced life-related deprivation, and 5.4% of children experienced child-related deprivation. While life- and child-related deprivation had significant adverse effects on behavioral problems, they had no association with prosocial behavior. The effects of low income were mediated by parental psychological distress (45.0% of the total effect) and the number of consulting sources (20.8%) on behavioral problems. The effects of life-related and child-related deprivation were mediated by parental psychological distress (29.2–35.0%) and the number of consulting sources (6.4–6.9%) on behavioral problems. Life-related and child-related deprivation, but not low income, are important for child mental health.

Suggested Citation

  • Yui Yamaoka & Aya Isumi & Satomi Doi & Manami Ochi & Takeo Fujiwara, 2021. "Differential Effects of Multiple Dimensions of Poverty on Child Behavioral Problems: Results from the A-CHILD Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-12, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:22:p:11821-:d:676852
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zilanawala, Afshin & Pilkauskas, Natasha V., 2012. "Material hardship and child socioemotional behaviors: Differences by types of hardship, timing, and duration," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 814-825.
    2. Anika Schenck-Fontaine & Lidia Panico, 2019. "Many Kinds of Poverty: Three Dimensions of Economic Hardship, Their Combinations, and Children’s Behavior Problems," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 56(6), pages 2279-2305, December.
    3. Howard White & Jennifer Leavy & Andrew Masters, 2003. "Comparative Perspectives on Child Poverty: A review of poverty measures," Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(3), pages 379-396.
    4. Yekaterina Chzhen & Zlata Bruckauf & Emilia Toczydlowska & UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti, 2017. "Sustainable Development Goal 1.2: Multidimensional child poverty in the European Union," Papers inwopa894, Innocenti Working Papers.
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    2. Marina Sayuri Yakuwa & Letícia Pancieri & Sarah Neill & Débora Falleiros de Mello, 2022. "Mothers’ Understanding of Brain Development in Early Childhood: A Qualitative Study in Brazil," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, May.
    3. He Li & Yefei Liu & Rong Zhao & Xiaofang Zhang & Zhaonian Zhang, 2022. "How Did the Risk of Poverty-Stricken Population Return to Poverty in the Karst Ecologically Fragile Areas Come into Being?—Evidence from China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-20, September.
    4. Annie Smith & Stephanie Martin & Maya Peled & Colleen Poon, 2023. "Developing an index of adolescent deprivation for use in British Columbia, Canada," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 16(1), pages 273-291, February.

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