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Predictors of Changes in Travel Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Tourists’ Personalities

Author

Listed:
  • Cezar Morar

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Alexandru Tiba

    (Department of Psychology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Biljana Basarin

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Miroslav Vujičić

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Aleksandar Valjarević

    (Faculty of Geography, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Liudmyla Niemets

    (Department of Human Geography and Regional Studies, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine)

  • Alena Gessert

    (Physical Geography Department in Geography Institute, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia)

  • Tamara Jovanovic

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Marius Drugas

    (Department of Psychology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Vasile Grama

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Marius Stupariu

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Alina Stoica

    (Department of International Relations and European Studies, Faculty of History, International Relations, Political and Communication Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Tin Lukić

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

Abstract

This study investigates travel behavior and psychosocial factors that influence it during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a cross-sectional study, using an online survey, we examined changes in travel behavior and preferences after lifting travel restrictions, and how these changes were influenced by exposure to COVID-19, COVID-19 travel-related risk and severity, personality, fear of travel, coping, and self-efficacy appraisals in the Romanian population. Our results showed that participants traveled less in the pandemic year than the year before—especially group and foreign travel—yet more participants reported individual traveling in their home county during the pandemic period. Distinct types of exposure to COVID-19 risk, as well as cognitive and affective factors, were related to travel behavior and preferences. However, fun-seeking personality was the only major predictor of travel intention, while fear of travel was the only predictor of travel avoidance. Instead, people traveled more cautiously when they perceived more risk of infection at the destination, and had higher levels of fear of travel, but also a high sense of efficacy in controlling the infection and problem-solving capacity. The results suggest that specific information about COVID-19, coping mechanisms, fear of travel, and neuropsychological personality traits may affect travel behavior in the pandemic period.

Suggested Citation

  • Cezar Morar & Alexandru Tiba & Biljana Basarin & Miroslav Vujičić & Aleksandar Valjarević & Liudmyla Niemets & Alena Gessert & Tamara Jovanovic & Marius Drugas & Vasile Grama & Marius Stupariu & Alina, 2021. "Predictors of Changes in Travel Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Tourists’ Personalities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11169-:d:663656
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cezar Morar & Tin Lukić & Biljana Basarin & Aleksandar Valjarević & Miroslav Vujičić & Lyudmila Niemets & Ievgeniia Telebienieva & Lajos Boros & Gyula Nagy, 2021. "Shaping Sustainable Urban Environments by Addressing the Hydro-Meteorological Factors in Landslide Occurrence: Ciuperca Hill (Oradea, Romania)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-20, May.
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    5. Kevin Linka & Mathias Peirlinck & Francisco Sahli Costabal & Ellen Kuhl, 2020. "Outbreak dynamics of COVID-19 in Europe and the effect of travel restrictions," Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(11), pages 710-717, August.
    6. Sanja Kovačić & Mihai Ciprian Mărgărint & Ruxandra Ionce & Đurđa Miljković, 2020. "What are the Factors affecting Tourist Behavior based on the Perception of Risk? Romanian and Serbian Tourists’ Perspective in the Aftermath of the recent Floods and Wildfires in Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-22, August.
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    Cited by:

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    4. Sofia Gomes & João M. Lopes, 2023. "Insights for Pro-Sustainable Tourist Behavior: The Role of Sustainable Destination Information and Pro-Sustainable Tourist Habits," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, May.
    5. Soyoung An & Jinkyung Choi & Thomas Eck & Huirang Yim, 2023. "Perceived Risk and Food Tourism: Pursuing Sustainable Food Tourism Experiences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-19, December.
    6. Sanghyun Lee & Sounman Hong & Won-Yong Shin & Bong Gyou Lee, 2023. "The Experiences of Layoff Survivors: Navigating Organizational Justice in Times of Crisis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-20, December.
    7. Bojan Đerčan & Dragica Gatarić & Milka Bubalo Živković & Marija Belij Radin & Danijela Vukoičić & Bojana Kalenjuk Pivarski & Tamara Lukić & Petar Vasić & Milena Nikolić & Miloš Lutovac & Milena Lutova, 2023. "Evaluating Farm Tourism Development for Sustainability: A Case Study of Farms in the Peri-Urban Area of Novi Sad (Serbia)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-21, August.
    8. Ruslan Gunko & Lauri Rapeli & Patrik Karell, 2022. "Striving with Global Stress on a Local Level: Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Changed the Relationship between People and Nature?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-14, August.
    9. Cezar Morar & Alexandru Tiba & Tamara Jovanovic & Aleksandar Valjarević & Matthias Ripp & Miroslav D. Vujičić & Uglješa Stankov & Biljana Basarin & Rade Ratković & Maria Popović & Gyula Nagy & Lajos B, 2022. "Supporting Tourism by Assessing the Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccination for Travel Reasons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-15, January.
    10. Shan Wang & Ivan Ka-Wai Lai & Jose Weng-Chou Wong, 2022. "An Exploratory Study of Pandemic-Restricted Travel—A New Form of Travel Pattern on the during- and Post-COVID-19 Era," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-16, March.

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