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Cigarette Smoking as a Predictor of Male DUI Recidivism

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  • Claudio Terranova

    (Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via G. Falloppio n.50, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Giovanni Forza

    (Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via G. Falloppio n.50, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Elena Beccegato

    (Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via G. Falloppio n.50, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Angelo Ruggeri

    (Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via G. Falloppio n.50, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Guido Viel

    (Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via G. Falloppio n.50, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Alessia Viero

    (Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via G. Falloppio n.50, 35121 Padova, Italy)

  • Massimo Montisci

    (Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via G. Falloppio n.50, 35121 Padova, Italy)

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the predictors of recidivism in first-time driving under the influence (DUI) offenders, analyzing variables derived from medico-legal and toxicological examinations. The research was structured as a comparative study for the period 2012–2019. DUI offenders with a blood alcohol concentration >0.5 were included in the study. The case group consisted of recidivist offenders, while the comparison group consisted of first-time offenders. Personal data, socioeconomics, and parameters linked to the DUI were compared between the two groups. Significance was determined by chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests. To prevent confounding effects, multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Our sample encompassed 1678 subjects (196 in the case group, 1482 in the comparison group). Gender, driving license category, education, and tobacco use resulted in significant differences between the groups. In a model including age at DUI, education, and smoking habit as independent variables, higher educational levels (high school, bachelor’s) and older age protected against recidivism, whereas smoking >20 cigarettes/day was an independent risk factor for recidivism. Recidivist offenders have specific characteristics indicating different therapeutic programs and carefulness in driving license regranting. A higher tobacco consumption in recidivists suggests that the use of this substance could influence the risk of DUI for reasons that will need to be explored.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudio Terranova & Giovanni Forza & Elena Beccegato & Angelo Ruggeri & Guido Viel & Alessia Viero & Massimo Montisci, 2021. "Cigarette Smoking as a Predictor of Male DUI Recidivism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-11, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:20:p:10761-:d:655665
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tim Neumann & Mette Rasmussen & Berit L. Heitmann & Hanne Tønnesen, 2013. "Gold Standard Program for Heavy Smokers in a Real-Life Setting," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-14, September.
    2. Bogdana Adriana Nasui & Monica Popa & Anca Dana Buzoianu & Anca Lucia Pop & Valentin Nicolae Varlas & Sebastian Mihai Armean & Codruta Alina Popescu, 2021. "Alcohol Consumption and Behavioral Consequences in Romanian Medical University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Anna Tzortzi & Melpo Kapetanstrataki & Vaso Evangelopoulou & Panagiotis Behrakis, 2021. "Driving Behavior That Limits Concentration: A Nationwide Survey in Greece," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-16, April.
    4. W. Kip Viscusi & Joni Hersch, 2001. "Cigarette Smokers As Job Risk Takers," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 83(2), pages 269-280, May.
    5. Silvano Gallus & Elisa Borroni & Anna Odone & Piet A. van den Brandt & Giuseppe Gorini & Lorenzo Spizzichino & Roberta Pacifici & Alessandra Lugo, 2021. "The Role of Novel (Tobacco) Products on Tobacco Control in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-10, February.
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