IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i19p10417-d649431.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sprint Variables Are Associated with the Odds Ratios of Non-Contact Injuries in Professional Soccer Players

Author

Listed:
  • Hadi Nobari

    (Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
    HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
    Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran
    Sports Scientist, Sepahan Football Club, Isfahan 81887-78473, Iran)

  • Elena Mainer-Pardos

    (Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Jorge, Autov A23 km 299, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain)

  • Angel Denche Zamorano

    (HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Thomas G. Bowman

    (Department of Athletic Training, College of Health Sciences, University of Lynchburg, Lynchburg, VA 24501, USA)

  • Filipe Manuel Clemente

    (Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
    Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Jorge Pérez-Gómez

    (HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

Abstract

Significant evidence has emerged that a high volume of sprinting during training is associated with an increased risk of non-contact injuries in professional soccer players. Training load has been reported as a modifiable risk factor for successive injury in soccer. Sprint workload measures and non-contact injuries were recorded weekly in twenty-one professional soccer players over a one season period. Odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) were calculated based on the weeks of high and low load of total distance (TD), high-speed distance (HSD), sprint distance (SPD). and repeated sprints (RS). The Poisson distribution estimated the interval time between the last injury and the new injury. The weeks with high-load levels increased the risk of non-contact injury associated with TD (OR: 4.1; RR: 2.4), HSD (OR: 4.6; RR: 2.6), SPD (OR: 6.9; RR: 3.7), and RS (OR: 4.3; RR: 2.7). The time between injuries was significantly longer in weeks of low-load in TD (rate ratio time (RRT) 1.5 vs. 4.2), HSD (RRT: 1.6 vs. 4.6), and SPD (RRT: 1.7 vs. 7.7) compared to weeks of high-load. The findings highlight an increased risk of non-contact injuries during high weekly sprint workloads. Possibly, TD, HSD, and SPD measured via a wearable inertial measurement unit could be modeled to track training and to reduce non-contact injuries. Finally, the interval time between the last injury and the new injury at the high-load is shorter than the low-load.

Suggested Citation

  • Hadi Nobari & Elena Mainer-Pardos & Angel Denche Zamorano & Thomas G. Bowman & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Jorge Pérez-Gómez, 2021. "Sprint Variables Are Associated with the Odds Ratios of Non-Contact Injuries in Professional Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-10, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10417-:d:649431
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/19/10417/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/19/10417/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Erik E. Lehmann & Günther G. Schulze, 2007. "What does it take to be a star? The role of performance and the media for German soccer players," Discussion Paper Series 1, Department of International Economic Policy, University of Freiburg, revised Mar 2008.
    2. Hadi Nobari & Rafael Oliveira & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Jose Carmelo Adsuar & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Jorge Carlos-Vivas & João Paulo Brito, 2020. "Comparisons of Accelerometer Variables Training Monotony and Strain of Starters and Non-Starters: A Full-Season Study in Professional Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-14, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhiyuan Jiang & Yuerong Hao & Naijing Jin & Yue Li, 2022. "A Systematic Review of the Relationship between Workload and Injury Risk of Professional Male Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-17, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Vincenzo Carrieri & Francesco Principe & Michele Raitano, 2018. "What makes you ‘super-rich’? New evidence from an analysis of football players’ wages," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 70(4), pages 950-973.
    2. Torgler, Benno & Schmidt, Sascha L & Frey, Bruno S., 2006. "The Power of Positional Concerns: A Panel Analysis," Berkeley Olin Program in Law & Economics, Working Paper Series qt1z14v7zt, Berkeley Olin Program in Law & Economics.
    3. Giovanni Bernardo & Massimo Ruberti & Roberto Verona, 2022. "Image is everything! Professional football players' visibility and wages: evidence from the Italian Serie A," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(5), pages 595-614, January.
    4. Herm, Steffen & Callsen-Bracker, Hans-Markus & Kreis, Henning, 2014. "When the crowd evaluates soccer players’ market values: Accuracy and evaluation attributes of an online community," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 484-492.
    5. Renato Fernandes & João Paulo Brito & Luiz H. Palucci Vieira & Alexandre Duarte Martins & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Hadi Nobari & Victor Machado Reis & Rafael Oliveira, 2021. "In-Season Internal Load and Wellness Variations in Professional Women Soccer Players: Comparisons between Playing Positions and Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-13, December.
    6. Hadi Nobari & Sara Mahmoudzadeh Khalili & Rafael Oliveira & Alfonso Castillo-Rodríguez & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Luca Paolo Ardigò, 2021. "Comparison of Official and Friendly Matches through Acceleration, Deceleration and Metabolic Power Measures: A Full-Season Study in Professional Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-9, June.
    7. Benno Torgler & Sascha L. Schmidt & Bruno S. Frey, 2006. "Relative Income Position And Performance: An Empirical Panel Analysis," IEW - Working Papers 268, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics - University of Zurich.
    8. Rafael Oliveira & João Paulo Brito & Nuno Loureiro & Vítor Padinha & Hadi Nobari & Bruno Mendes, 2021. "Will Next Match Location Influence External and Internal Training Load of a Top-Class Elite Professional European Soccer Team?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-15, May.
    9. Benno Torgler & Justina A.V. Fischer, 2006. "Does Envy Destroy Social Fundamentals? The Impact of Relative Income Position on Social Capital," Working Papers 2006.38, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    10. Julianne Treme & Samuel K. Allen, 2009. "Widely Received: Payoffs to Player Attributes in the NFL," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 29(3), pages 1631-1643.
    11. Alex Bryson & Bernd Frick & Rob Simmons, 2009. "The Returns to Scarce Talent: Footedness and Player Remuneration in European Soccer," CEP Discussion Papers dp0948, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    12. Hadi Nobari & Luis Felipe Tubagi Polito & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Mina Ahmadi & Miguel Ángel Garcia-Gordillo & Ana Filipa Silva & Jose Carmelo Adsuar, 2020. "Relationships Between Training Workload Parameters with Variations in Anaerobic Power and Change of Direction Status in Elite Youth Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-15, October.
    13. Alex Bryson & Bernd Frick & Rob Simmons, 2009. "The Returns to Scarce Talent: Footedness and Player Remuneration in European Soccer," CEP Discussion Papers dp0948, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    14. Egon Franck & Stephan Nüesch, 2012. "Talent And/Or Popularity: What Does It Take To Be A Superstar?," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 50(1), pages 202-216, January.
    15. Kotrba, Vojtěch, 2019. "Direct preferences of sports fans: Is there a superstar effect in the fantasy league?," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 89-97.
    16. Carrieri, Vincenzo & Principe, Francesco & Raitano, Michele, 2017. "What makes you "super-rich"? New evidence from an analysis of football players' earnings," Ruhr Economic Papers 681, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    17. Klostermann, Jan & Meißner, Martin & Max, Alexander & Decker, Reinhold, 2023. "Presentation of celebrities’ private life through visual social media," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    18. Fabienne Jedelhauser & Raphael Flepp & Egon Franck, 2023. "Overshadowed by Popularity: The Value of Second-Tier Stars in European Football," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 24(8), pages 1026-1054, December.
    19. Benno Torgler & Markus Schaffner & Bruno S. Frey & Sascha L. Schmidt & Uwe Dulleck, 2008. "Inequality Aversion and Performance in and on the Field," CREMA Working Paper Series 2008-18, Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA).
    20. Todd H. Kuethe & Mesbah Motamed, 2010. "Returns to Stardom: Evidence From U.S. Major League Soccer," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 11(5), pages 567-579, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10417-:d:649431. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.