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Lifestyle Habits and Exposure to BPA and Phthalates in Women of Childbearing Age from Northern Italy: A Pilot Study

Author

Listed:
  • Ilaria Di Napoli

    (Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
    Equally Contributed.)

  • Sara Tagliaferri

    (Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
    Equally Contributed.)

  • Eduardo Sommella

    (Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy)

  • Emanuela Salviati

    (Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy)

  • Debora Porri

    (Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Benedetta Raspini

    (Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Hellas Cena

    (Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
    Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Operative Unit, Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Pietro Campiglia

    (Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy)

  • Cinzia La Rocca

    (Gender Prevention and Health Section, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy)

  • Rosa Maria Cerbo

    (Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Rachele De Giuseppe

    (Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

Abstract

Background: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are compounds that interfere with aspects of hormonal signaling. Considerable attention has been paid to their biological effects especially in women of childbearing age or during pregnancy as EDCs have been reported to cross the placenta becoming concentrated in the fetus’ circulation. Lifestyle habits, daily consumption of packaged foods and use of healthcare/cosmetic products are associated with increased EDCs levels. This cross-sectional research examined the EDCs levels and the lifestyle determinants of EDC exposure in a cohort of reproductive-age women from Northern Italy. Methods: Forty-five women (median age: 36, IQR: 30–38) were evaluated for urinary bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates levels and also studied for EDCs’ major determinants of daily exposure; food frequency/dietary, physical activity, smoking habits and weight status. Results: Although 100% of women seemed to have been exposed to common sources of EDCs, they reported a healthy lifestyle. The multivariable model described a positive and significant association between consumption of sauces/dressings in plastic containers and monoethyl phthalate exposure ( p = 0.037). Conclusions: Since reproductive age encompasses a critical window for future health and functioning of the “mothers-to-be” and their children, future studies on prenatal dietary BPA and phthalate exposure and the role of consumer product choices in reducing such exposure are recommended.

Suggested Citation

  • Ilaria Di Napoli & Sara Tagliaferri & Eduardo Sommella & Emanuela Salviati & Debora Porri & Benedetta Raspini & Hellas Cena & Pietro Campiglia & Cinzia La Rocca & Rosa Maria Cerbo & Rachele De Giusepp, 2021. "Lifestyle Habits and Exposure to BPA and Phthalates in Women of Childbearing Age from Northern Italy: A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9710-:d:636005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mary E. Sterrett & Michael S. Bloom & Erica L. Jamro & Abby G. Wenzel & Rebecca J. Wineland & Elizabeth R. Unal & John Brock & John Kucklick & Kelly Garcia & Roger B. Newman, 2021. "Maternal Food and Beverage Consumption Behaviors and Discrepant Phthalate Exposure by Race," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-15, February.
    2. Xiaona Huo & Dan Chen & Yonghua He & Wenting Zhu & Wei Zhou & Jun Zhang, 2015. "Bisphenol-A and Female Infertility: A Possible Role of Gene-Environment Interactions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-16, September.
    3. Henrieta Hlisníková & Ida Petrovičová & Branislav Kolena & Miroslava Šidlovská & Alexander Sirotkin, 2020. "Effects and Mechanisms of Phthalates’ Action on Reproductive Processes and Reproductive Health: A Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-37, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alessandra Gallo, 2022. "Reprotoxic Impact of Environment, Diet, and Behavior," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-20, January.

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