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Maternal Food and Beverage Consumption Behaviors and Discrepant Phthalate Exposure by Race

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  • Mary E. Sterrett

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Present Address: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.)

  • Michael S. Bloom

    (Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA)

  • Erica L. Jamro

    (Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA)

  • Abby G. Wenzel

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA)

  • Rebecca J. Wineland

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA)

  • Elizabeth R. Unal

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA)

  • John Brock

    (Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Asheville, Asheville, NC 28804, USA)

  • John Kucklick

    (Hollings Marine Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Charleston, SC 29412, USA)

  • Kelly Garcia

    (Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA)

  • Roger B. Newman

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA)

Abstract

Background : Differential exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including phthalate diesters, may contribute to persistent racial/ethnic disparities in women’s reproductive health outcomes. We sought to characterize sources of gestational exposure to these agents that may differ according to maternal race. Methods : We enrolled pregnant Black (n = 198), including African American, and White (n = 197) women during the second trimester, and measured eight phthalate monoester metabolites in urine. We assessed confounder-adjusted associations between multiple food and beverage consumption habits, summarized using a principal component analysis, as predictors of maternal urinary phthalate metabolite levels, stratified by race. Results : Whites reported significantly greater unprocessed food consumption (42.5% vs. 32.0%; p < 0.001) and storage of food in clear unbreakable plastic containers (66.5% vs. 49.3%; p < 0.001) than Blacks, while Blacks consumed more canned fruits and vegetables (23.5% vs. 12.2%; p < 0.001) than Whites. Using plastics for food storage, microwaving in plastic containers, and using hard plastic water bottles was associated with urinary phthalate concentrations, especially DEHP metabolites (e.g., mean difference = 5.13%; 95% CI: 3.05, 7.25). These associations were driven primarily by Black pregnant women. Conclusions : Targeted interventions to reduce maternal exposure to phthalates need to be designed with specific attention to differences in food and beverage consumption behaviors among Black and White women.

Suggested Citation

  • Mary E. Sterrett & Michael S. Bloom & Erica L. Jamro & Abby G. Wenzel & Rebecca J. Wineland & Elizabeth R. Unal & John Brock & John Kucklick & Kelly Garcia & Roger B. Newman, 2021. "Maternal Food and Beverage Consumption Behaviors and Discrepant Phthalate Exposure by Race," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-15, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:2190-:d:504407
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Adamkiewicz, G. & Zota, A.R. & Patricia Fabian, M. & Chahine, T. & Julien, R. & Spengler, J.D. & Levy, J.I., 2011. "Moving environmental justice indoors: Understanding structural influences on residential exposure patterns in low-income communities," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(SUPPL. 1), pages 238-245.
    3. Ford, C.L. & Airhihenbuwa, C.O., 2010. "Critical race theory, race equity, and public health: Toward antiracism praxis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(S1), pages 30-35.
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    1. Ilaria Di Napoli & Sara Tagliaferri & Eduardo Sommella & Emanuela Salviati & Debora Porri & Benedetta Raspini & Hellas Cena & Pietro Campiglia & Cinzia La Rocca & Rosa Maria Cerbo & Rachele De Giusepp, 2021. "Lifestyle Habits and Exposure to BPA and Phthalates in Women of Childbearing Age from Northern Italy: A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-16, September.

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