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The Relationship between Family Functioning and Pathological Internet Use among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Hope and the Moderating Role of Social Withdrawal

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  • Xing-Kai Li

    (School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
    Huan Shi Road Primary School, Guangzhou 510095, China)

  • Pei-Shan Zhan

    (School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Shu-Dan Chen

    (School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Jie Ren

    (School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

Abstract

This study constructed a moderated mediation model based on problem behavior theory to explore the psychological mechanism of family functioning interaction with pathological internet use. We used the Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale, General Functioning Scale, Trait Hope Scale, and Social Withdrawal Scale to measure internet use in 1223 middle school students. The results showed that (1) pathological internet use was negatively correlated with family functioning and hope, and positively correlated with social withdrawal; family functioning was positively correlated with hope, and negatively correlated with social withdrawal; hope was negatively correlated with social withdrawal; (2) family functioning could not only directly predict pathological internet use, but also indirectly predict pathological internet use through hope; and (3) the mediating effect of family functioning on pathological internet use was moderated by social withdrawal, which was stronger for individuals with low social withdrawal but not significant for individuals with high social withdrawal. This study revealed the internal mechanism of the relation between family functioning and adolescents’ pathological internet use, which has theoretical significance for improving adolescents’ hope and reducing their pathological internet use.

Suggested Citation

  • Xing-Kai Li & Pei-Shan Zhan & Shu-Dan Chen & Jie Ren, 2021. "The Relationship between Family Functioning and Pathological Internet Use among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Hope and the Moderating Role of Social Withdrawal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7700-:d:597738
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ricky T. Munoz & Kathleen A. Quinton & Jody A. Worley & Chan M. Hellman, 2019. "Locus of Hope: External Hope in Parents/Guardians as an Antecedent of Adolescents’ Internal Hope and Life Satisfaction," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 12(3), pages 1107-1124, June.
    2. Min-Pei Lin, 2020. "Prevalence of Internet Addiction during the COVID-19 Outbreak and Its Risk Factors among Junior High School Students in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-12, November.
    3. Ümit Sahranç & Eyüp Çelik & Mehmet Emin Turan, 2018. "Mediating and Moderating Effects of Social Support in the Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Hope Levels in Children," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 1003-1019, April.
    4. Liu, Qing-Qi & Yang, Xiu-Juan & Hu, Yu-Ting & Zhang, Chen-Yan & Nie, Yan-Gang, 2020. "How and when is family dysfunction associated with adolescent mobile phone addiction? Testing a moderated mediation model," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Demei Zhang & Shutao Wang, 2021. "The Impact of Peer Attachment on Left-Behind Children’s Pathological Internet Use: A Moderated Mediating Effect Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Ning Ding & Xinwen Zhang, 2022. "Bullying Victimization and Quality of Life among Chinese Adolescents: An Integrative Analysis of Internet Addiction and Social Withdrawal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-13, December.

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