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Heart Metabolism in Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy—Unusual Metabolic Dysfunction of the Heart

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  • Weronika Wasyluk

    (Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
    Doctoral School, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland)

  • Patrycja Nowicka-Stążka

    (Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Zwolak

    (Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland)

Abstract

Due to the need for continuous work, the heart uses up to 8% of the total energy expenditure. Due to the relatively low adenosine triphosphate (ATP) storage capacity, the heart’s work is dependent on its production. This is possible due to the metabolic flexibility of the heart, which allows it to use numerous substrates as a source of energy. Under normal conditions, a healthy heart obtains approximately 95% of its ATP by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. The primary source of energy is fatty acid oxidation, the rest of the energy comes from the oxidation of pyruvate. A failed heart is characterised by a disturbance in these proportions, with the contribution of individual components as a source of energy depending on the aetiology and stage of heart failure. A unique form of cardiac dysfunction is sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, characterised by a significant reduction in energy production and impairment of cardiac oxidation of both fatty acids and glucose. Metabolic disorders appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction and therefore are a promising target for future therapies. However, as many aspects of the metabolism of the failing heart remain unexplained, this issue requires further research.

Suggested Citation

  • Weronika Wasyluk & Patrycja Nowicka-Stążka & Agnieszka Zwolak, 2021. "Heart Metabolism in Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy—Unusual Metabolic Dysfunction of the Heart," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-20, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7598-:d:595845
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Daihiko Hakuno & Yasuhito Hamba & Takumi Toya & Takeshi Adachi, 2015. "Plasma Amino Acid Profiling Identifies Specific Amino Acid Associations with Cardiovascular Function in Patients with Systolic Heart Failure," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(2), pages 1-14, February.
    2. Silvia Domcke & Anaïs Flore Bardet & Paul Adrian Ginno & Dominik Hartl & Lukas Burger & Dirk Schübeler, 2015. "Competition between DNA methylation and transcription factors determines binding of NRF1," Nature, Nature, vol. 528(7583), pages 575-579, December.
    3. Karim S. Echtay & Damien Roussel & Julie St-Pierre & Mika B. Jekabsons & Susana Cadenas & Jeff A. Stuart & James A. Harper & Stephen J. Roebuck & Alastair Morrison & Susan Pickering & John C. Clapham , 2002. "Superoxide activates mitochondrial uncoupling proteins," Nature, Nature, vol. 415(6867), pages 96-99, January.
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