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Effects of Gadolinium Deposits in the Cerebellum: Reviewing the Literature from In Vitro Laboratory Studies to In Vivo Human Investigations

Author

Listed:
  • Miski Aghnia Khairinisa

    (Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
    Program Study of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Islamic University, Bandung 40116, Indonesia)

  • Winda Ariyani

    (Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
    Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan)

  • Yoshito Tsushima

    (Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
    Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi 371-8511, Japan)

  • Noriyuki Koibuchi

    (Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan)

Abstract

Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are chemicals injected intravenously during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to enhance the diagnostic yield. The repeated use of GBCAs can cause their deposition in the brain, including the cerebellum. Such deposition may affect various cell subsets in the brain and consequently cause behavioral alterations due to neurotoxicity. Caution should thus be exercised in using these agents, particularly in patients who are more likely to have repeated enhanced MRIs during their lifespan. Further studies are required to clarify the toxicity of GBCAs, and potential mechanisms causing neurotoxicity have recently been reported. This review introduces the effects of GBCAs in the cerebellum obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies and considers the possible mechanisms of neurotoxicity involved.

Suggested Citation

  • Miski Aghnia Khairinisa & Winda Ariyani & Yoshito Tsushima & Noriyuki Koibuchi, 2021. "Effects of Gadolinium Deposits in the Cerebellum: Reviewing the Literature from In Vitro Laboratory Studies to In Vivo Human Investigations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7214-:d:589119
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thomas J. Clough & Lijun Jiang & Ka-Leung Wong & Nicholas J. Long, 2019. "Ligand design strategies to increase stability of gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-14, December.
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