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Dance Is for All: A Social Marketing Intervention with Children and Adolescents to Reduce Prejudice towards Boys Who Dance

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  • Ana Silva

    (School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
    Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, 4750-810 Barcelos, Portugal)

  • Elisabete Sá

    (Interdisciplinary Centre of Social Sciences (CICS.NOVA.UMinho), School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal)

  • Joaquim Silva

    (Interdisciplinary Centre of Social Sciences (CICS.NOVA.UMinho), School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal)

  • José Carlos Pinho

    (School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal)

Abstract

Dance is proven to offer a myriad of physical, psychological, and social benefits. However, because dance has been frequently perceived as a feminine practice, there is a prevailing prejudice towards boys who dance, making it hard for them to engage in this physical activity. Social marketing has been presented as a promising framework to deal with different social problems, including prejudice, although its effectiveness is still difficult to establish. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), a quasi-experimental study involving a sample of 436 children and adolescents, composed of 51.38% boys and 48.62% girls was implemented to measure the effectiveness of a Social Marketing Intervention (SMI) in reducing prejudice towards dance and boys who dance, in particular, and in increasing their intentions to practice this physical activity. The study furthermore aimed to compare the influence of the SMI on participants of two different stages of child development to ascertain when it is most effective to intervene. The questionnaire was used to collect information and included items derived from relevant literature. To assess differences between children and adolescents before and after the SMI, the analysis relied on independent t -tests and paired t -tests. Results suggest positive effects of the SMI on some dimensions of the TPB.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Silva & Elisabete Sá & Joaquim Silva & José Carlos Pinho, 2021. "Dance Is for All: A Social Marketing Intervention with Children and Adolescents to Reduce Prejudice towards Boys Who Dance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:6861-:d:582787
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. MacKenzie, Scott B. & Podsakoff, Philip M., 2012. "Common Method Bias in Marketing: Causes, Mechanisms, and Procedural Remedies," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 542-555.
    2. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    3. Peattie, Ken & Peattie, Sue, 2009. "Social marketing: A pathway to consumption reduction?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 260-268, February.
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