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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Life Space Extent and Apathy: A Comparison of Competitive Japanese Swimmers with and without Disabilities

Author

Listed:
  • Kazuki Kaneda

    (Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan)

  • Noriaki Maeda

    (Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan)

  • Yuta Suzuki

    (Department of Rehabilitation, Matterhorn Rehabilitation Hospital, Hiroshima 737-0046, Japan)

  • Kazuki Fukui

    (Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan)

  • Yukio Urabe

    (Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan)

Abstract

Changes in the daily lives and mental health of people with disabilities due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have not been reported. The Japanese government closed public facilities, including swimming pools, during the first wave of COVID-19, and many competitive swimmers lost their places of activities. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life space and apathy among swimmers and investigated differences in the impact on swimmers with and without disabilities. A total of 39 competitive swimmers participated in this study, including 11 male and nine female swimmers with disabilities (swimmers with disabilities = para-swimmers), and e11 male and eight female swimmers without disabilities. Baseline and follow-up web-based questionnaire surveys were conducted, and changes in life space and apathy scale (AS) were assessed. Female para-swimmers showed significantly lower apathy than female able-bodied subjects (para, during; 16.0 ± 1.9; after, 12.8 ± 3.2; non-disabled; during, 10.5 ± 4.4; after, 10.6 ± 4.8; p < 0.05). Female swimmers with disabilities may be more likely to experience worsening mental health due to changes in their lifestyle.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazuki Kaneda & Noriaki Maeda & Yuta Suzuki & Kazuki Fukui & Yukio Urabe, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Life Space Extent and Apathy: A Comparison of Competitive Japanese Swimmers with and without Disabilities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-10, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:10:p:5106-:d:552695
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Emese Csulak & Árpád Petrov & Tímea Kováts & Márton Tokodi & Bálint Lakatos & Attila Kovács & Levente Staub & Ferenc Imre Suhai & Erzsébet Liliána Szabó & Zsófia Dohy & Hajnalka Vágó & Dávid Becker & , 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 on the Preparation for the Tokyo Olympics: A Comprehensive Performance Assessment of Top Swimmers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.

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