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Enrichment, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Soil Potentially Harmful Elements Associated with Different Land Use in Coastal Tidelands Reclamation Area, Eastern China

Author

Listed:
  • Xinjian Chen

    (School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    The Key Laboratory of the Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Sihua Huang

    (School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    The Key Laboratory of the Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210023, China
    Co-first Author.)

  • Xuefeng Xie

    (College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China)

  • Ming Zhu

    (School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    The Key Laboratory of the Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Jianguo Li

    (School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China)

  • Xiaohan Wang

    (Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Lijie Pu

    (School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    The Key Laboratory of the Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210023, China)

Abstract

Coastal tidelands are important ecological habitat resources and valuable resources for agricultural land reclamation. Enrichment of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in soil caused by anthropogenic activity is an important factor implicated in the ecological deterioration of soil in China. A total of 54 soil sample sites were selected from a 30-year reclaimed tideland and an adjoining coastal wetland. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to describe the enrichment, source, health risk status of eight PHEs (As, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) after long-term reclamation. Results indicated that after 30 years of reclamation, most soil PHEs are slightly enriched, whereas no serious threat of environmental pollution was observed. In the reclamation area, the enrichment of PHEs in the aquaculture land, industrial land, and cropland was relatively high compared with other land use types, such as tideland and halophyte land. The source analysis divided the PHEs into five categories: (1) Cu; (2) Co and Mn; (3) Cr; (4) As and Pb; (5) Zn and Ni. Cu was completely derived from natural parent materials and other elements were governed by both weathering of parent rock and human activities, including agricultural activities, industrial production, and transportation emissions. The health risk assessment showed that the soil PHEs potentially had no non-carcinogenic risk to the public, but there was an acceptable probability to have cancer due to Cr and As. Meanwhile, children are more susceptible to harm from the PHEs in soil than adults. According to the economic and social development situation in the coastal region, it is necessary to pay attention to the environmental threats of PHEs enrichment.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinjian Chen & Sihua Huang & Xuefeng Xie & Ming Zhu & Jianguo Li & Xiaohan Wang & Lijie Pu, 2020. "Enrichment, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Soil Potentially Harmful Elements Associated with Different Land Use in Coastal Tidelands Reclamation Area, Eastern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-19, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:8:p:2822-:d:347732
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fang Xia & Bifeng Hu & Shuai Shao & Dongyun Xu & Yue Zhou & Yin Zhou & Mingxiang Huang & Yan Li & Songchao Chen & Zhou Shi, 2019. "Improvement of Spatial Modeling of Cr, Pb, Cd, As and Ni in Soil Based on Portable X-ray Fluorescence (PXRF) and Geostatistics: A Case Study in East China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Helena Doležalová Weissmannová & Silvie Mihočová & Petr Chovanec & Jiří Pavlovský, 2019. "Potential Ecological Risk and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Industrial Affected Soils by Coal Mining and Metallurgy in Ostrava, Czech Republic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-19, November.
    3. Qian Zhang & Guilin Han & Man Liu & Xiaoqiang Li & Lingqing Wang & Bin Liang, 2019. "Distribution and Contamination Assessment of Soil Heavy Metals in the Jiulongjiang River Catchment, Southeast China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-13, November.
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