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Correlates of Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Level Testing Among a Socially-Disadvantaged Population in Poland

Author

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  • Małgorzata Znyk

    (Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland)

  • Kinga Polańska

    (Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland)

  • Leokadia Bąk-Romaniszyn

    (Department of Nutrition in Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland)

  • Dorota Kaleta

    (Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

As part of cardiovascular disease prevention, the performance of BMI determination, blood pressure measurement, biochemical tests, as well as a lifestyle-related risk assessment are recommended. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlates of blood pressure and cholesterol level testing among a socially-disadvantaged population in Poland. This cross-sectional study was performed between 2015 and 2016 among 1710 beneficiaries of government welfare assistance. Face-to-face interviews conducted by trained staff at each participant’s place of residence allowed for completion of questionnaires that covered socio-demographic, health and lifestyle-related information. Sixty-five percent of the participants declared a blood pressure and 27% of them cholesterol level testing at least once within the year proceeding the study. A higher chance of having blood pressure testing was observed among the women (OR = 1.5; p = 0.002) and people with high blood pressure (OR = 3.9; p < 0.001). The women (OR = 1.4; p = 0.04) and older people (OR = 1.9; p = 0.02; OR = 2.6; p < 0.001, OR = 2.7; p = 0.002, for the following age groups: 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 years respectively), the respondents who declared health problems such as heart attack (OR = 3.0; p = 0.04), high blood pressure (OR = 2.3; p < 0.001) and type 2 diabetes (OR = 3.3; p = 0.004) and those with a family history of chronic diseases (OR = 1.5; p = 0.03) had a higher chance of cholesterol level checking. Higher healthy lifestyle index, indicating that the study participants have followed almost all of the studied lifestyle-related recommendations, was a significant correlate of cholesterol level testing (OR = 1.7; p = 0.006). Actions that promote lifestyle changes, blood pressure, and cholesterol level testing should take into account the needs of the disadvantaged population and should especially target men, people with existing chronic diseases, and those with unfavorable lifestyle characteristics. With respect to the socially-disadvantaged population, the social assistance institutions and outpatient clinics are the best places to conduct activities promoting a healthy lifestyle. The most commonly applied strategies to promote lifestyle changes can cover risk assessment, increasing awareness, emotional support and encouragement, as well as a referral to specialists.

Suggested Citation

  • Małgorzata Znyk & Kinga Polańska & Leokadia Bąk-Romaniszyn & Dorota Kaleta, 2020. "Correlates of Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Level Testing Among a Socially-Disadvantaged Population in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:6:p:2123-:d:335770
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Katarzyna Milcarz & Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska & Leokadia Bak-Romaniszyn & Dorota Kaleta, 2017. "Smoking Patterns and Smoking Cessation Willingness—A Study among Beneficiaries of Government Welfare Assistance in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-21, January.
    2. Helen Mason & Azza Shoaibi & Rula Ghandour & Martin O'Flaherty & Simon Capewell & Rana Khatib & Samer Jabr & Belgin Unal & Kaan Sözmen & Chokri Arfa & Wafa Aissi & Habiba Ben Romdhane & Fouad Fouad & , 2014. "A Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Salt Reduction Policies to Reduce Coronary Heart Disease in Four Eastern Mediterranean Countries," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(1), pages 1-10, January.
    3. Marek Milcarz & Kinga Polanska & Leokadia Bak-Romaniszyn & Dorota Kaleta, 2018. "Tobacco Health Risk Awareness among Socially Disadvantaged People—A Crucial Tool for Smoking Cessation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-12, October.
    4. Marek Milcarz & Kinga Polańska & Leokadia Bak-Romaniszyn & Dorota Kaleta, 2017. "How Social Care Beneficiaries in Poland Rate Relative Harmfulness of Various Tobacco and Nicotine-Containing Products," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-11, September.
    5. Sylwia Kałucka & Dorota Kaleta & Teresa Makowiec-Dabrowska, 2019. "Prevalence of Dietary Behavior and Determinants of Quality of Diet among Beneficiaries of Government Welfare Assistance in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-18, February.
    6. Arno Greyling & Rouyanne T Ras & Peter L Zock & Mario Lorenz & Maria T Hopman & Dick H J Thijssen & Richard Draijer, 2014. "The Effect of Black Tea on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(7), pages 1-9, July.
    7. Dorota Kaleta & Sylwia Kalucka & Franciszek Szatko & Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska, 2017. "Prevalence and Correlates of Physical Inactivity during Leisure-Time and Commuting among Beneficiaries of Government Welfare Assistance in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-21, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Małgorzata Znyk & Ilona Wężyk-Caba & Dorota Kaleta, 2022. "The Frequency of Tobacco Smoking and E-Cigarettes Use among Primary Health Care Patients—The Association between Anti-Tobacco Interventions and Smoking in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Kinga Polanska & Dorota Kaleta, 2020. "Correlates of Alcohol Consumption Among a Socially-Disadvantaged Population in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-14, December.

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