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The Oral Health Status of Chinese Elderly People with and without Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

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  • Sherry Shiqian Gao

    (Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China)

  • Kitty Jieyi Chen

    (Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China)

  • Duangporn Duangthip

    (Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China)

  • Edward Chin Man Lo

    (Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China)

  • Chun Hung Chu

    (Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China)

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the caries, periodontal status, and toothbrushing practices of Chinese elderly people with and without dementia. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited Chinese people aged 65 years or over attending daycare centers in Hong Kong. The participants’ dementia status was identified from their medical record. Their demographic information and toothbrushing practices were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Caries experience, periodontal status, and oral hygiene were measured using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index, Community Periodontal Index, and Visible Plaque Index (VPI), respectively. The case matching process, using the propensity score, was conducted to match the participants in dementia and nondementia groups. The chi-square test and t-test were conducted for analysis. Results: A total of 341 elderly people participated in this study. After case matching by gender and age, 129 participants with dementia were matched with 99 participants without dementia. The mean age and mean DMFT of the dementia group versus the nondementia group were 80.9 ± 7.5 vs. 79.4 ± 6.7 ( p = 0.428) and 22.5 ± 7.9 vs. 19.2 ± 9.3 ( p = 0.041), respectively. There was no significant difference of periodontal status observed. The VPI of dementia and nondementia groups were 77% and 63%, respectively ( p = 0.027). Though they had no difference in frequency of toothbrushing, more dementia participants encountered difficulties in toothbrushing than those without dementia (57% vs. 8%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Compared with elderly people without dementia, Chinese elderly people with dementia had more caries experience and poorer oral hygiene in Hong Kong. They were more likely to have difficulty in performing toothbrushing.

Suggested Citation

  • Sherry Shiqian Gao & Kitty Jieyi Chen & Duangporn Duangthip & Edward Chin Man Lo & Chun Hung Chu, 2020. "The Oral Health Status of Chinese Elderly People with and without Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-8, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:6:p:1913-:d:332848
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kimiko Tomioka & Norio Kurumatani & Hiroshi Hosoi, 2018. "Social Participation and Cognitive Decline Among Community-dwelling Older Adults: A Community-based Longitudinal Study," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 73(5), pages 799-806.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sherry Shiqian Gao & Chun Hung Chu & Fanny Yuk Fun Young, 2020. "Oral Health and Care for Elderly People with Alzheimer’s Disease," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-8, August.
    2. Stefano Cianetti & Chiara Valenti & Massimiliano Orso & Giuseppe Lomurno & Michele Nardone & Anna Palma Lomurno & Stefano Pagano & Guido Lombardo, 2021. "Systematic Review of the Literature on Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease in Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Individuals," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-22, November.
    3. Alice Kit Ying Chan & Manisha Tamrakar & Chloe Meng Jiang & Edward Chin Man Lo & Katherine Chiu Man Leung & Chun Hung Chu, 2021. "A Systematic Review on Caries Status of Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-15, October.
    4. Haiying Guo & Shuli Chang & Xiaoqin Pi & Fang Hua & Han Jiang & Chang Liu & Minquan Du, 2021. "The Effect of Periodontitis on Dementia and Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-17, June.

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