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Job Demand, Job Control, and Impaired Mental Health in the Experience of Workplace Bullying Behavior: A Two-Wave Study

Author

Listed:
  • Cristian Balducci

    (Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy)

  • Elfi Baillien

    (Department of Work and Organisation Studies, KU Leuven, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
    Department of Psychosocial Science (TOPFORSK), University of Bergen, 5015 Bergen, Norway)

  • Anja Van den Broeck

    (Department of Work and Organisation Studies, KU Leuven, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
    Optentia, North West University, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa)

  • Stefano Toderi

    (Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy)

  • Franco Fraccaroli

    (Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy)

Abstract

Workplace bullying is an extreme social stressor at work leading to a severe deterioration of health amongst its targets. Research has revealed two important orders of factors that may trigger workplace bullying: Poor working conditions and individual factors such as impaired mental health that determine a personal psychological vulnerability to bullying. However, research has rarely investigated their role simultaneously. In response, we investigated whether the relationship between poor working conditions (i.e., high job demand) at time 1 (T1) and the experience of bullying at time 2 (T2) is strengthened by experiencing symptoms of impaired mental health at T1. We also tested whether job control—which contributes to better working conditions—at T1 moderates the relationship between job demand at T1 and bullying at T2. Participants ( N = 235) were workers in the health sector. The time lag between T1 and T2 was one year. Cross-lagged path analysis revealed that the relationship between job demand at T1 and the experience of bullying behavior at T2 was strengthened by T1 impaired mental health. This suggests that considering both working conditions and individual factors together may be important for reaching a better understanding of the development of bullying.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristian Balducci & Elfi Baillien & Anja Van den Broeck & Stefano Toderi & Franco Fraccaroli, 2020. "Job Demand, Job Control, and Impaired Mental Health in the Experience of Workplace Bullying Behavior: A Two-Wave Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:4:p:1358-:d:322873
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stefano Toderi & Cristian Balducci, 2018. "Stress-Preventive Management Competencies, Psychosocial Work Environments, and Affective Well-Being: A Multilevel, Multisource Investigation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-16, February.
    2. Fernando R. Feijó & Débora D. Gräf & Neil Pearce & Anaclaudia G. Fassa, 2019. "Risk Factors for Workplace Bullying: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-25, May.
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    1. Tiziana Ramaci & Venerando Rapisarda & Diego Bellini & Nicola Mucci & Andrea De Giorgio & Massimiliano Barattucci, 2020. "Mindfulness as a Protective Factor for Dissatisfaction in HCWs: The Moderating Role of Mindful Attention between Climate Stress and Job Satisfaction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-16, May.

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