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Changes in Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Well-Being Following a School-Based Health Promotion Program in a Norwegian Region with a Poor Public Health Profile: A Non-Randomized Controlled Study in Early Adolescents

Author

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  • Sabrina K. Schmidt

    (Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, Pb 235, 3603 Kongsberg, Norway)

  • Michael S. Reinboth

    (Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, Pb 235, 3603 Kongsberg, Norway)

  • Geir K. Resaland

    (Center for Physically Active Learning, Faculty of Education, Arts and Sports, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Campus Sogndal, 6856 Sogndal, Norway)

  • Solfrid Bratland-Sanda

    (Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, Pb 235, 3603 Kongsberg, Norway)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in physical activity (PA), physical fitness and psychosocial well-being in early adolescents following implementation of a school-based health promotion program in secondary schools. Methods: Six municipalities in Telemark County, Norway, were recruited into intervention (6 schools) or control groups (9 schools). A total of 644 pupils participated in the study (response rate: 79%). The schools in the intervention group implemented the Active and Healthy Kids program, where the PA component consisted of (1) 120 min/week of physically active learning (PAL) and (2) 25 min/week of physical active breaks. Furthermore, both the intervention and control schools carried out 135 min/week of physical education. The primary outcome was PA. Secondary outcomes were sedentary time, physical fitness, subjective vitality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in five domains: physical health, psychological well-being, parent, peers and school. Results: There was a group x time effect on school-based PA ( p < 0.05), but not total PA, as well as on physical fitness ( p < 0.05) and vitality (p < 0.01). In girls, there also was a group x time effect on three out of the five domains on HRQoL ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: A multi-component, school-based health-promotion program with emphasis on the use of PAL led to positive changes in school-based PA levels. Furthermore, positive changes were seen in physical fitness, vitality and HRQoL among early adolescents in a county with a poor public health profile. This might have implications for the development and promotion in schools of general health and well-being throughout adolescence.

Suggested Citation

  • Sabrina K. Schmidt & Michael S. Reinboth & Geir K. Resaland & Solfrid Bratland-Sanda, 2020. "Changes in Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Well-Being Following a School-Based Health Promotion Program in a Norwegian Region with a Poor Public Health Profile: A Non-Randomized Controlled Stu," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:896-:d:314957
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Terence Bostic & Doris McGartland Rubio & Mark Hood, 2000. "A Validation of the Subjective Vitality Scale Using Structural Equation Modeling," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 52(3), pages 313-324, December.
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    1. Juan-Cancio Arcila-Arango & Manuel Castro-Sánchez & Sebastian Espoz-Lazo & Cristian Cofre-Bolados & Maria Luisa Zagalaz-Sánchez & Pedro Valdivia-Moral, 2020. "Analysis of the Dimensions of Quality of Life in Colombian University Students: Structural Equation Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-11, May.
    2. Amie B. Richards & Masoumeh Minou & Michael P. Sheldrick & Nils Swindell & Lucy J. Griffiths & Joanne Hudson & Gareth Stratton, 2022. "A Socioecological Perspective of How Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour at Home Changed during the First Lockdown of COVID-19 Restrictions: The HomeSPACE Project," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-14, April.
    3. D. L. I. H. K. Peiris & Yanping Duan & Corneel Vandelanotte & Wei Liang & Min Yang & Julien Steven Baker, 2022. "Effects of In-Classroom Physical Activity Breaks on Children’s Academic Performance, Cognition, Health Behaviours and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Tr," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-27, August.
    4. Maria Chiara Gallotta & Giovanna Zimatore & Ludovica Cardinali & Lavinia Falcioni & Valerio Bonavolontà & Davide Curzi & Laura Guidetti & Carlo Baldari, 2022. "Physical Education on the Beach: An Alternative Way to Improve Primary School Children’s Skill- and Health-Related Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-13, March.
    5. Raquel Pérez-Ordás & Javier Piñeiro-Cossio & Óscar Díaz-Chica & Ester Ayllón-Negrillo, 2022. "Relevant Variables in the Stimulation of Psychological Well-Being in Physical Education: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-26, July.

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