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Physical Exercise, Fitness, Cognitive Functioning, and Psychosocial Variables in an Adolescent Sample

Author

Listed:
  • Rafael E. Reigal

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Malaga, Spain)

  • Luna Moral-Campillo

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Malaga, Spain)

  • Juan P. Morillo-Baro

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Malaga, Spain)

  • Rocío Juárez-Ruiz de Mier

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Malaga, Spain)

  • Antonio Hernández-Mendo

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Malaga, Spain)

  • Verónica Morales-Sánchez

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Malaga, Spain)

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the relationship between physical exercise and physical fitness with cognitive and psychosocial functioning in a group of adolescents. 167 teenagers between 14 and 15 years old ( M = 14.53; SD = 0.50) from the city of Malaga (Spain) participated in the study. This research used a comparative and predictive type of design. The Tanita ® Body Composition Monitor BC-601, some Eurofit battery tests, the D2 Attention Test, the WISC-IV Scale Symbols and Keys tests, the Form 5 Self-Concept Questionnaire (AF5), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used to evaluate the study variables. The results found in this research pointed to a positive relationship between physical exercise and physical fitness with cognitive and psychosocial functioning in the adolescents analyzed. For example, adolescents who practiced more physical exercise had better scores on variables such as selective attention ( p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.10), processing speed ( p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.09) or general self-efficacy ( p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.15). In addition, cardiorespiratory fitness was the best predictor of test scores to assess cognitive ability and psychosocial variables. These findings suggest the need to promote physical exercise among young people because of its implications for various facets of their health and development

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael E. Reigal & Luna Moral-Campillo & Juan P. Morillo-Baro & Rocío Juárez-Ruiz de Mier & Antonio Hernández-Mendo & Verónica Morales-Sánchez, 2020. "Physical Exercise, Fitness, Cognitive Functioning, and Psychosocial Variables in an Adolescent Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:1100-:d:318465
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mingli Liu & Lang Wu & Qingsen Ming, 2015. "How Does Physical Activity Intervention Improve Self-Esteem and Self-Concept in Children and Adolescents? Evidence from a Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(8), pages 1-17, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Elena Escolano-Pérez & Marta Bestué, 2021. "Academic Achievement in Spanish Secondary School Students: The Inter-Related Role of Executive Functions, Physical Activity and Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-25, February.
    2. Guoyan Xiong & Caixia Wang & Xiujie Ma, 2023. "The Relationship between Physical Activity and Mental Depression in Older Adults during the Prevention and Control of COVID-19: A Mixed Model with Mediating and Moderating Effects," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-18, February.
    3. José A. Páez-Maldonado & Rafael E. Reigal & Juan P. Morillo-Baro & Hernaldo Carrasco-Beltrán & Antonio Hernández-Mendo & Verónica Morales-Sánchez, 2020. "Physical Fitness, Selective Attention and Academic Performance in a Pre-Adolescent Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-11, August.

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