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Job Stress, Burnout and Coping in Police Officers: Relationships and Psychometric Properties of the Organizational Police Stress Questionnaire

Author

Listed:
  • Cristina Queirós

    (Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal)

  • Fernando Passos

    (Psychology Unit of the Portuguese National Police, 2605-000 Belas-Sintra, Portugal)

  • Ana Bártolo

    (Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Sara Faria

    (Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal)

  • Sílvia Monteiro Fonseca

    (Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal)

  • António José Marques

    (School of Health, Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal)

  • Carlos F. Silva

    (Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Anabela Pereira

    (Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

Abstract

Policing is a stressful occupation, which impairs police officers’ physical/mental health and elicits burnout, aggressive behaviors and suicide. Resilience and coping facilitate the management of job stress policing, which can be operational or organizational. All these constructs are associated, and they must be assessed by instruments sensitive to policing idiosyncrasies. This study aims to identify operational and organizational stress, burnout, resilient coping and coping strategies among police officers, as well to analyze the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of the Organizational Police Stress Questionnaire. A cross-sectional study, with online questionnaires, collected data of 1131 police officers. With principal components and confirmatory factor analysis, PSQ-org revealed adequate psychometric properties, despite the exclusion of four items, and revealed a structure with two factors (poor management and lack of resources, and responsibilities and burden). Considering cut-off points, 88.4% police officers presented high operational stress, 87.2% high organizational stress, 10.9% critical values for burnout and 53.8% low resilient coping, preferring task-orientated than emotion and avoidance coping. Some differences were found according to gender, age and job experience. Job stress and burnout correlated negatively with resilient coping, enthusiasm towards job and task-orientated coping. Results reinforce the importance to invest on police officers’ occupational health.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristina Queirós & Fernando Passos & Ana Bártolo & Sara Faria & Sílvia Monteiro Fonseca & António José Marques & Carlos F. Silva & Anabela Pereira, 2020. "Job Stress, Burnout and Coping in Police Officers: Relationships and Psychometric Properties of the Organizational Police Stress Questionnaire," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:18:p:6718-:d:413865
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Fatimah Zulkafaly & Kamaruzzaman Kamaruddin & Nurul Huda Md. Hassan, 2017. "Coping Strategies and Job Stress in Policing: A Literature Review," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 7(3), pages 458-467, March.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Neptali M. Resurreccion, 2024. "Quality of Life and Resilience as Predictors of Mental Health among Police Officers," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(8), pages 4598-4646, August.
    3. Viktor Soltes & Jozef Kubas & Andrej Velas & David Michalík, 2021. "Occupational Safety of Municipal Police Officers: Assessing the Vulnerability and Riskiness of Police Officers’ Work," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Anabela Pereira & Elisabeth Brito & Isabel Souto & Bruno Alves, 2022. "Healthcare Services and Formal Caregiver’s Psychosocial Risk Factors: An Observational Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-10, April.
    5. Lauriane Willemin-Petignat & Royce Anders & Sabrina Ogi & Benjamin Putois, 2023. "Validation and Psychometric Properties of the German Operational and Organizational Police Stress Questionnaires," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(19), pages 1-12, September.
    6. Mary Rachelle R Wapaño, 2023. "Exploring the Determinants of Resilience and Hope in the Medical Field: The Role of Age, Gender, and Job Occupation," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(10), pages 1480-1491, October.

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