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Effects of Mind–Body Interventions Involving Meditative Movements on Quality of Life, Depressive Symptoms, Fear of Falling and Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Author

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  • Manuel Weber

    (Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Thiemo Schnorr

    (Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Mareike Morat

    (Institute of Exercise Science and Sport Informatics, German Sport University, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Tobias Morat

    (Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Lars Donath

    (Institute of Exercise Science and Sport Informatics, German Sport University, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

Abstract

Background : The aim of the present systematic meta-analytical review was to quantify the effects of different mind–body interventions (MBI) involving meditative movements on relevant psychological health outcomes (i.e., quality of life (QoL), depressive symptoms, fear of falling (FoF) and sleep quality) in older adults without mental disorders. Methods : A structured literature search was conducted in five databases (Ovid, PsycINFO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science). Inclusion criteria were: (i) the study was a (cluster) randomized controlled trial, (ii) the subjects were aged ≥59 years without mental illnesses, (iii) an intervention arm performing MBI compared to a non-exercise control group (e.g., wait-list or usual care), (iv) psychological health outcomes related to QoL, depressive symptoms, FoF or sleep quality were assessed and (v) a PEDro score of ≥5. The interventions of the included studies were sub-grouped into Tai Chi/Qigong (TCQ) and Yoga/Pilates (YP). Statistical analyses were conducted using a random-effects inverse-variance model. Results : Thirty-seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (comprising 3224 participants) were included. Small to moderate-but-significant overall effect sizes favoring experimental groups (Hedges’ g : 0.25 to 0.71) compared to non-exercise control groups were observed in all outcomes (all p values ≤ 0.007), apart from one subdomain of quality of life (i.e., social functioning, p = 0.15). Interestingly, a significant larger effect on QoL and depressive symptoms with increasing training frequency was found for TCQ ( p = 0.03; p = 0.004). Conclusions : MBI involving meditative movements may serve as a promising opportunity to improve psychological health domains such as QoL, depressive symptoms, FoF and sleep quality in older adults. Hence, these forms of exercise may represent potential preventive measures regarding the increase of late-life mental disorders, which need to be further confirmed by future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Manuel Weber & Thiemo Schnorr & Mareike Morat & Tobias Morat & Lars Donath, 2020. "Effects of Mind–Body Interventions Involving Meditative Movements on Quality of Life, Depressive Symptoms, Fear of Falling and Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-22, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:18:p:6556-:d:410961
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shu Zhang & Liye Zou & Li-Zhen Chen & Ying Yao & Paul D. Loprinzi & Parco M. Siu & Gao-Xia Wei, 2019. "The Effect of Tai Chi Chuan on Negative Emotions in Non-Clinical Populations: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Karen M van Leeuwen & Miriam S van Loon & Fenna A van Nes & Judith E Bosmans & Henrica C W de Vet & Johannes C F Ket & Guy A M Widdershoven & Raymond W J G Ostelo, 2019. "What does quality of life mean to older adults? A thematic synthesis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-39, March.
    3. Yanjie Zhang & Chunxiao Li & Liye Zou & Xiaolei Liu & Wook Song, 2018. "The Effects of Mind-Body Exercise on Cognitive Performance in Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Makai, Peter & Brouwer, Werner B.F. & Koopmanschap, Marc A. & Stolk, Elly A. & Nieboer, Anna P., 2014. "Quality of life instruments for economic evaluations in health and social care for older people: A systematic review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 83-93.
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    3. Hyun-Jeong Yang & Noriko Setou & Eugene Koh, 2022. "Utilization of Mind–Body Intervention for Integrative Health Care of COVID-19 Patients and Survivors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-22, May.
    4. Shinae Lee & So Hyoung Hong & Hye Young Song, 2022. "Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life among Older Adults in Rural South Korea Based on Ecological Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-10, June.

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