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Modelling Malaria Incidence in the Limpopo Province, South Africa: Comparison of Classical and Bayesian Methods of Estimation

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  • Makwelantle Asnath Sehlabana

    (Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Private Bag X1106, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa)

  • Daniel Maposa

    (Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Private Bag X1106, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa)

  • Alexander Boateng

    (Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Private Bag X1106, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa)

Abstract

Malaria infects and kills millions of people in Africa, predominantly in hot regions where temperatures during the day and night are typically high. In South Africa, Limpopo Province is the hottest province in the country and therefore prone to malaria incidence. The districts of Vhembe, Mopani and Sekhukhune are the hottest districts in the province. Malaria cases in these districts are common and malaria is among the leading causes of illness and deaths in these districts. Factors contributing to malaria incidence in Limpopo Province have not been deeply investigated, aside from the general knowledge that the province is the hottest in South Africa. Bayesian and classical methods of estimation have been applied and compared on the effect of climatic factors on malaria incidence. Credible and confidence intervals from a negative binomial model estimated via Bayesian estimation and maximum likelihood estimation, respectively, were utilized in the comparison process. Overall assumptions underpinning each method were given. The Bayesian method appeared more robust than the classical method in analysing malaria incidence in Limpopo Province. The classical method identified rainfall and temperature during the night to be significant predictors of malaria incidence in Mopani, Vhembe and Waterberg districts. However, the Bayesian method found rainfall, normalised difference vegetation index, elevation, temperatures during the day and night to be the significant predictors of malaria incidence in Mopani, Sekhukhune and Vhembe districts of Limpopo Province. Both methods affirmed that Vhembe district is more susceptible to malaria incidence, followed by Mopani district. We recommend that the Department of Health and Malaria Control Programme of South Africa allocate more resources for malaria control, prevention and elimination to Vhembe and Mopani districts of Limpopo Province.

Suggested Citation

  • Makwelantle Asnath Sehlabana & Daniel Maposa & Alexander Boateng, 2020. "Modelling Malaria Incidence in the Limpopo Province, South Africa: Comparison of Classical and Bayesian Methods of Estimation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-15, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:14:p:5016-:d:383670
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Abiodun M. Adeola & Joel O. Botai & Hannes Rautenbach & Omolola M. Adisa & Katlego P. Ncongwane & Christina M. Botai & Temitope C. Adebayo-Ojo, 2017. "Climatic Variables and Malaria Morbidity in Mutale Local Municipality, South Africa: A 19-Year Data Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Gbenga J. Abiodun & Olusola S. Makinde & Abiodun M. Adeola & Kevin Y. Njabo & Peter J. Witbooi & Ramses Djidjou-Demasse & Joel O. Botai, 2019. "A Dynamical and Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Regression Modelling of Malaria Incidence in Limpopo Province, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-19, June.
    4. Jeffrey Sachs & Pia Malaney, 2002. "The economic and social burden of malaria," Nature, Nature, vol. 415(6872), pages 680-685, February.
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