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Association between Mixing Ability of Masticatory Functions Measured Using Color-Changing Chewing Gum and Frailty among Japanese Older Adults: The Kyoto–Kameoka Study

Author

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  • Daiki Watanabe

    (National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
    Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan)

  • Tsukasa Yoshida

    (National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
    Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan
    Laboratory of Applied Health Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
    Senior Citizen’s Welfare Section, Kameoka City Government, Kyoto 621-8501, Japan)

  • Keiichi Yokoyama

    (Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan
    Laboratory of Applied Health Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan)

  • Yasuko Yoshinaka

    (Center for Faculty Development, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan)

  • Yuya Watanabe

    (National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
    Laboratory of Applied Health Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
    Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan)

  • Takeshi Kikutani

    (Division of Rehabilitation for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 184-0011, Japan)

  • Mitsuyoshi Yoshida

    (Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan)

  • Yosuke Yamada

    (National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
    Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan
    Laboratory of Applied Health Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan)

  • Misaka Kimura

    (Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan
    Laboratory of Applied Health Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
    Department of Nursing, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan)

  • Kyoto-Kameoka Study Group

    (National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan)

Abstract

The relationship between mixing ability of masticatory functions and frailty has not been well evaluated. This study investigated the prevalence of physical and comprehensive frailty and its association with mixing ability in 1106 older adults aged ≥65 years who underwent physical examination as part of the Japanese Kyoto–Kameoka Study. Mixing ability was assessed using color-changing chewing gum (1–5 points, 5 representing the best mixing ability). Participants were divided into four groups (5 points, 4 points, 3 points, and 1 or 2 points). The modified Japanese versions of the Cardiovascular Health Study (mJ-CHS) criteria and the validated Kihon Checklist (KCL) were used to assess physical and comprehensive frailty, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between frailty and mixing ability. The prevalence of physical and comprehensive frailty was 11.8% and 27.9%, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, the odds ratios of physical and comprehensive frailty comparing the highest to the lowest chewing gum score groups were 3.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.62 to 8.18; p for trend = 0.001) and 2.09 (95% CI: 1.09 to 4.03; p for trend = 0.009), respectively. Mixing-ability tests involving chewing gum may be an indicator associated with both physical and comprehensive frailty.

Suggested Citation

  • Daiki Watanabe & Tsukasa Yoshida & Keiichi Yokoyama & Yasuko Yoshinaka & Yuya Watanabe & Takeshi Kikutani & Mitsuyoshi Yoshida & Yosuke Yamada & Misaka Kimura & Kyoto-Kameoka Study Group, 2020. "Association between Mixing Ability of Masticatory Functions Measured Using Color-Changing Chewing Gum and Frailty among Japanese Older Adults: The Kyoto–Kameoka Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:12:p:4555-:d:376031
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. van Buuren, Stef & Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Karin, 2011. "mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 45(i03).
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    1. Keiko Fujimoto & Hideki Suito & Kan Nagao & Tetsuo Ichikawa, 2020. "Does Masticatory Ability Contribute to Nutritional Status in Older Individuals?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-11, October.

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