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Children’s Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles

Author

Listed:
  • Jing Hou

    (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China)

  • Dachao Lv

    (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China)

  • Yuexia Sun

    (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China)

  • Pan Wang

    (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China)

  • Qingnan Zhang

    (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China)

  • Jan Sundell

    (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China)

Abstract

Children spend most of their indoors time at home, which may have substantial influence on their health. We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Tianjin area, China to quantify the incidence of respiratory infections among children, and its association with home environments and lifestyles. The lifetime-ever incidences of croup, pneumonia and ear infection among children aged 0–8 in Tianjin area was 9.2%, 28.7% and 11.6%, respectively. The incidence of common cold infections more than twice per year was 31.3%. Home environments and lifestyles included strong risk factors for childhood respiratory infections. Perceived dry air had the greatest association with childhood common colds (population attributable fraction (PAF = 15.0%). Modern floor covering had the greatest association with croup (PAF = 14.7%) and ear infection (PAF = 34.5%), while infrequent bedding sun-curing had the greatest association with pneumonia (PAF = 18.7%). Condensation (a proxy of poor ventilation) accounted for 12.2% of the incidence of croup (PAF = 12.2%) and frequent common colds (PAF = 8.4%). Our findings indicate that factors related to “modern” home environments and lifestyles are risks for childhood respiratory infections. Modifying such factors might reduce the incidence of respiratory infections among children.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing Hou & Dachao Lv & Yuexia Sun & Pan Wang & Qingnan Zhang & Jan Sundell, 2020. "Children’s Respiratory Infections in Tianjin Area, China: Associations with Home Environments and Lifestyles," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:11:p:4069-:d:368432
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Louhiala, P.J. & Jaakkola, N. & Ruotsalainen, R. & Jaakkola, J.J.K., 1995. "Form of day care and respiratory infections among Finnish children," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(8), pages 1109-1112.
    2. Hardy, A.M. & Fowler, M.G., 1993. "Child care arrangements and repeated ear infections in young children," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 83(9), pages 1321-1325.
    3. Rockhill, B. & Newman, B. & Weinberg, C., 1998. "Use and misuse of population attributable fractions," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 88(1), pages 15-19.
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    1. Man-Wai Leung & Margaret O’Donoghue & Lorna Kwai-Ping Suen, 2022. "Personal and Household Hygiene Measures for Preventing Upper Respiratory Tract Infections among Children: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Parental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-17, December.

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