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The Influence of Physical Fitness on Reasons for Academy Separation in Law Enforcement Recruits

Author

Listed:
  • Robert G. Lockie

    (Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA)

  • Katherine Balfany

    (Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA)

  • Ashley M. Bloodgood

    (Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA)

  • Matthew R. Moreno

    (Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA)

  • Karly A. Cesario

    (Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA)

  • Joseph M. Dulla

    (Recruit Training Unit, Training Bureau, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, Los Angeles, CA 90022, USA)

  • J. Jay Dawes

    (Department of Health Sciences, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA)

  • Robin M. Orr

    (Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina 4229, QLD, Australia)

Abstract

This study analyzed the effects physical fitness may have on reasons for academy separation in law enforcement recruits. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 401 recruits; 330 recruits graduated (GRAD), and 71 recruits separated at various times during academy. Twenty-eight recruits separated for personal reasons (SEPPR); 18 due to physical training failures (i.e., poor fitness) or injury (SEPFI); and 25 due to academic or scenario failures (SEPAS). Fitness testing occurred prior to academy, and included: Push-ups and sit-ups in 60s; a 75-yard pursuit run (75PR); vertical jump; medicine ball throw; and multistage fitness test (MSFT). A one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc compared between-group fitness test performance. A multiple stepwise regression calculated whether recruit characteristics or fitness could predict separation. The GRAD group was younger than the SEPAS group ( p < 0.01), faster in the 75PR than the SEPFI group ( p = 0.02), and completed more MSFT shuttles than the SEPPR and SEPFI groups ( p = 0.01). Age predicted GRAD and SEPAS group inclusion; MSFT predicted GRAD, SEPPR, and SEPFI group inclusion. Recruits who had superior high-intensity running capacity (75PR) and aerobic fitness (MSFT) should have a better chance of completing academy. However, this could be influenced by training practices adopted during academy.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert G. Lockie & Katherine Balfany & Ashley M. Bloodgood & Matthew R. Moreno & Karly A. Cesario & Joseph M. Dulla & J. Jay Dawes & Robin M. Orr, 2019. "The Influence of Physical Fitness on Reasons for Academy Separation in Law Enforcement Recruits," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-13, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:3:p:372-:d:201525
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Robert G. Lockie & J. Jay Dawes & Katherine Balfany & Ciara E. Gonzales & Maria M. Beitzel & Joseph M. Dulla & Robin M. Orr, 2018. "Physical Fitness Characteristics That Relate to Work Sample Test Battery Performance in Law Enforcement Recruits," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-12, November.
    2. Robin Orr & Rodney Pope & Samantha Peterson & Benjamin Hinton & Michael Stierli, 2016. "Leg Power As an Indicator of Risk of Injury or Illness in Police Recruits," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-10, February.
    3. Drew, Jacqueline & Carless, Sally A. & Thompson, Briony M., 2008. "Predicting turnover of police officers using the sixteen personality factor questionnaire," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 326-331, August.
    4. Slate, Risdon N. & Vogel, Ronald E., 1997. "Participative management and correctional personnel: A study of the perceived atmosphere for participation in correctional decision making and its impact on employee stress and thoughts about quitting," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 25(5), pages 397-408.
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    1. Robert G. Lockie & Robin M. Orr & Matthew R. Moreno & J. Jay Dawes & Joseph M. Dulla, 2019. "Time Spent Working in Custody Influences Work Sample Test Battery Performance of Deputy Sheriffs Compared to Recruits," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Robert G. Lockie & J. Jay Dawes & Matthew R. Moreno & Megan B. McGuire & Tomas J. Ruvalcaba & Ashley M. Bloodgood & Joseph M. Dulla & Robin M. Orr, 2020. "We Need You: Influence of Hiring Demand and Modified Applicant Testing on the Physical Fitness of Law Enforcement Recruits," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
    3. Matthew R. Moreno & Karly A. Rodas & Ashley M. Bloodgood & J. Jay Dawes & Joseph M. Dulla & Robin M. Orr & Robert G. Lockie, 2020. "The Influence of Aerobic Fitness on Heart Rate Responses of Custody Assistant Recruits during Circuit Training Sessions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-13, November.
    4. Filip Kukić & Robin Orr & Milan Marković & J. Jay Dawes & Aleksandar Čvorović & Nenad Koropanovski, 2022. "Factorial and Construct Validity of Sit-Up Test of Different Durations to Assess Muscular Endurance of Police Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-9, October.
    5. Filip Kukić & Robert G. Lockie & Ana Vesković & Nikola Petrović & Dane Subošić & Danijela Spasić & Darko Paspalj & Lazar Vulin & Nenad Koropanovski, 2020. "Perceived and Measured Physical Fitness of Police Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
    6. Sally Sawyer & Ben Schram & Rodney Pope & Robin Orr, 2021. "Profiling the Injuries Sustained by Police Trainees Undergoing Initial Training: A Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-11, July.
    7. Zacharias Papadakis & Andreas Stamatis & Filip Kukic & Nenad Koropanovski, 2021. "Moving Past the One-Size-Fits-All Education-Training Model of Police Academies to the Self-Prescribed Individualized Exercise Prescription Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-19, November.
    8. Robert G. Lockie & Karly A. Rodas & J. Jay Dawes & Joseph M. Dulla & Robin M. Orr & Matthew R. Moreno, 2021. "How Does Time Spent Working in Custody Influence Health and Fitness Characteristics of Law Enforcement Officers?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-17, September.
    9. Danny Maupin & Ben Schram & Elisa F. D. Canetti & Joseph M. Dulla & J. Jay Dawes & Robert G. Lockie & Robin M. Orr, 2022. "Profiling the Typical Training Load of a Law Enforcement Recruit Class," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-15, October.
    10. Robert G. Lockie & Robin M. Orr & J. Jay Dawes, 2022. "Fit (and Healthy) for Duty: Blood Lipid Profiles and Physical Fitness Test Relationships from Police Officers in a Health and Wellness Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-17, April.

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