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The Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms among Overweight/Obese and Non-Overweight/Non-Obese Children/Adolescents in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

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  • Simeng Wang

    (Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China)

  • Qi Sun

    (Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China)

  • Lingling Zhai

    (Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China)

  • Yinglong Bai

    (Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China)

  • Wei Wei

    (Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China)

  • Lihong Jia

    (Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China)

Abstract

With the dramatic growth of the Chinese economy, the number of children/adolescents with being overweight/having obesity is increasing, which has a certain impact on their psychology, such as depression and anxiety symptoms. Our purpose was to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the prevalence and odds ratios of depression and anxiety symptoms among overweight/obese children/adolescents and non-overweight/obese children/adolescents in China. As of July 2018, the three most comprehensive computerized academic databases in China have been systematically screened, namely China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) databases, Wanfang databases and Vip databases. The same operations are performed in PubMed and Web of Science (SCIE) databases without language restrictions. Case-control studies on prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in overweight/obese children/adolescents in China were analyzed. Study selection and evaluation were performed independently by three authors. Unweighted prevalence, pooled random-effects estimates of odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were all calculated. A total of 11 eligible studies involving 17,894 subjects were included. The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in overweight/obese children/adolescents was significantly higher than that in non-overweight/non-obese children/adolescents (depression: 21.73% vs. 17.96%, OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.87, p = 0.003; anxiety: 39.80% vs. 13.99%, OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.79, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses conducted according to scale types showed that scale types have certain significance to evaluate the relationship between depression symptoms and overweight/obesity. The OR of depression symptoms between overweight/obese children/adolescents and non-overweight/non-obese children/adolescents was greatest on the Middle School Student Mental Health Scale (MSSMHS) was 2.06 (95% CI: 1.41, 3.02, I 2 = 0.00%), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was 1.03 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.25, I 2 = 0.00%), and Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.42, I 2 = 0.00%). We concluded that the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in overweight/obese children/adolescents in China is higher than that in the non-overweight/obese children/adolescents. The results of the study indicate that the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among overweight/obese children/adolescents in Chinese medical institutions should receive more attention. Physical exercise and psychological interventions should be strengthened to prevent psychological problems. However, because of some clear limitations (no clinical interview and few studies), these results should be interpreted with caution.

Suggested Citation

  • Simeng Wang & Qi Sun & Lingling Zhai & Yinglong Bai & Wei Wei & Lihong Jia, 2019. "The Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms among Overweight/Obese and Non-Overweight/Non-Obese Children/Adolescents in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:3:p:340-:d:200875
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Munim Mannan & Abdullah Mamun & Suhail Doi & Alexandra Clavarino, 2016. "Prospective Associations between Depression and Obesity for Adolescent Males and Females- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-18, June.
    2. Zhangbin Yu & Shuping Han & Jiahui Chu & Zhongya Xu & Chun Zhu & Xirong Guo, 2012. "Trends in Overweight and Obesity among Children and Adolescents in China from 1981 to 2010: A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(12), pages 1-14, December.
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    2. Norsham Juliana & Nor Amira Syahira Mohd Azmi & Nadia Effendy & Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng & Sahar Azmani & Nizam Baharom & Aza Sherin Mohamad Yusuff & Izuddin Fahmy Abu, 2022. "Exploring the Associated Factors of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Healthcare Shift Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-14, August.
    3. Xinqiao Liu & Yifan Zhang & Wenjuan Gao & Xiaojie Cao, 2023. "Developmental trajectories of depression, anxiety, and stress among college students: a piecewise growth mixture model analysis," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.

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