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Oral Health Status and Need for Oral Care in an Aging Population: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Dorina Lauritano

    (Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centre of Neuroscience of Milan, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
    These authors contribute equally to this work.)

  • Giulia Moreo

    (Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centre of Neuroscience of Milan, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
    These authors contribute equally to this work.)

  • Fedora Della Vella

    (Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy)

  • Dario Di Stasio

    (Multidisciplinary Department of Medical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania-Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Francesco Carinci

    (Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Alberta Lucchese

    (Multidisciplinary Department of Medical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania-Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Massimo Petruzzi

    (Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy)

Abstract

Background. The world population is aging. This phenomenon is accompanied by an increase in the number of elderly with dementia, whose oral hygiene care is a challenge. Objective. This paper presents a literature review of oral health status and the need for oral care in people with dementia, as compared to people without dementia and also of the relationship between periodontal disease and cognitive impairment. Methods. A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Fifty-six articles met the inclusion criteria and were consequently included for quality assessment and data extraction. Results. No significant differences were found between both groups with regard to the number of present teeth, DMFT Index, edentulousness/use of denture, and orofacial pain. Coronal/root caries and retained roots were more common in people with dementia than in those without dementia. Most of the participants with dementia presented gingival bleeding or inflammation and they suffered from the periodontal disease more than people without dementia. Conclusions. Poor oral health is a common condition among the elderly with dementia. The education process of caregivers might improve the oral health status of people with dementia. Finally, periodontal disease might contribute to the onset or progression of dementia.

Suggested Citation

  • Dorina Lauritano & Giulia Moreo & Fedora Della Vella & Dario Di Stasio & Francesco Carinci & Alberta Lucchese & Massimo Petruzzi, 2019. "Oral Health Status and Need for Oral Care in an Aging Population: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-23, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:22:p:4558-:d:288171
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
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    2. Jonas Czwikla & Alexandra Herzberg & Sonja Kapp & Stephan Kloep & Heinz Rothgang & Ina Nitschke & Cornelius Haffner & Falk Hoffmann, 2021. "Effectiveness of a Dental Intervention to Improve Oral Health among Home Care Recipients: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Haeok Lee & Deogwoon Kim & Andrew Jung & Wonjeong Chae, 2022. "Ethnicity, Social, and Clinical Risk Factors to Tooth Loss among Older Adults in the U.S., NHANES 2011–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-15, February.
    4. Ina Nitschke & Siri Nitschke & Cornelius Haffner & Bernhard A. J. Sobotta & Julia Jockusch, 2022. "On the Necessity of a Geriatric Oral Health Care Transition Model: Towards an Inclusive and Resource-Oriented Transition Process," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-19, May.
    5. Maki Shirobe & Ayako Edahiro & Keiko Motokawa & Shiho Morishita & Yuki Ohara & Yoshiko Motohashi & Masanori Iwasaki & Yutaka Watanabe & Hirohiko Hirano, 2023. "Association between Dementia Severity and Oral Hygiene Management Issues in Older Adults with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-10, February.
    6. Minsung Sohn & Xianhua Che & Sungwon Lim & Hee-Jung Park, 2020. "Estimating Lifetime Dental Care Expenditure in South Korea: An Abridged Life Table Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-11, May.
    7. Aida Bianco & Silvia Mazzea & Leonzio Fortunato & Amerigo Giudice & Rosa Papadopoli & Carmelo Giuseppe Angelo Nobile & Maria Pavia, 2021. "Oral Health Status and the Impact on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among the Institutionalized Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Area of Southern Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
    8. Katsuo Oshima & Hiroko Miura & Rumi Tano & Hideki Fukuda, 2022. "Factors Associated with Regular Dental Checkups’ Discontinuation during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-11, March.

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