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Differences in the Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Frailty in Five Japanese Residential Areas

Author

Listed:
  • Takumi Abe

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan)

  • Akihiko Kitamura

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Satoshi Seino

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Yuri Yokoyama

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Hidenori Amano

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Yu Taniguchi

    (Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-0053, Japan)

  • Mariko Nishi

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Miki Narita

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Tomoko Ikeuchi

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Yui Tomine

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Yoshinori Fujiwara

    (Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Shoji Shinkai

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

Abstract

This study aimed to examine area differences in the prevalence of and factors associated with frailty. This cross-sectional study included metropolitan (eastern and western areas), suburban (districts A and B), and rural areas of Japan ( n = 9182, woman 50.9%). Frailty was defined by using a standardized questionnaire comprising three subcategories (fall, nutritional status, and social activities). The prevalence of frailty in the five areas was 14.2% to 30.6% for men and 11.5% to 21.4% for women. The areas with a high frailty prevalence had a significantly lower nutritional status or social activity, or both. Compared to the western metropolitan area, among men, the multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) of frailty was significantly higher in the eastern metropolitan area and lower in suburban district A, and among women, the eastern metropolitan and rural areas had significantly higher APRs. Area-stratified multiple Poisson regression analysis showed that age, bone and joint disease, and a subjective economic status were associated with frailty in most areas and that some factors were area-specific, i.e., living alone (for men living in metropolitan areas) and underweight (for women living in suburban areas). The frailty prevalence differed by area, even after multivariable adjustment. Area-specific characteristics and factors associated with frailty may result in area differences.

Suggested Citation

  • Takumi Abe & Akihiko Kitamura & Satoshi Seino & Yuri Yokoyama & Hidenori Amano & Yu Taniguchi & Mariko Nishi & Miki Narita & Tomoko Ikeuchi & Yui Tomine & Yoshinori Fujiwara & Shoji Shinkai, 2019. "Differences in the Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Frailty in Five Japanese Residential Areas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-9, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:20:p:3974-:d:277829
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. S. Bunt & N. Steverink & J. Olthof & C. P. Schans & J. S. M. Hobbelen, 2017. "Social frailty in older adults: a scoping review," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 323-334, September.
    2. Ruby Yu & Wan-Chi Wu & Jason Leung & Susan C. Hu & Jean Woo, 2017. "Frailty and Its Contributory Factors in Older Adults: A Comparison of Two Asian Regions (Hong Kong and Taiwan)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-16, September.
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    1. Takumi Abe & Akihiko Kitamura & Satoshi Seino & Yuri Yokoyama & Hidenori Amano & Yu Taniguchi & Mariko Nishi & Yu Nofuji & Tomoko Ikeuchi & Takemi Sugiyama & Shoji Shinkai, 2020. "Frailty Status and Transport Disadvantage: Comparison of Older Adults’ Travel Behaviours between Metropolitan, Suburban, and Rural Areas of Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-8, September.

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