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Workaholism, Intensive Smartphone Use, and the Sleep-Wake Cycle: A Multiple Mediation Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Paola Spagnoli

    (Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, CE 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Cristian Balducci

    (Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, BO 40126 Bologna, Italy)

  • Marco Fabbri

    (Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, CE 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Danila Molinaro

    (Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, CE 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Barbato

    (Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, CE 81100 Caserta, Italy)

Abstract

Recent contributions have reported sleep disorders as one of the health impairment outcomes of workaholism. A possible factor affecting the sleep-wake cycle might be the intensive use of smartphones. The current study aimed to explore the role of intensive smartphone use in the relationship between workaholism and the sleep-wake cycle. Two serial multiple mediation models were tested on a sample of 418 employees, who filled self-report questionnaires measuring workaholism, use of smartphones, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness, using conditional process analysis for testing direct and indirect effects. Results supported our hypotheses regarding two serial multiple mediation models—that intensive smartphone use and poor sleep quality mediated the relationship between workaholism and daytime sleepiness, and that smartphone use and daytime sleepiness mediated the relationship between workaholism and poor quality of sleep. Although the use of a cross-sectional design and the snowball technique for collecting data can be considered as possible limitations, the current study is one of the first to document the potential detrimental role of the intensive smartphone use on the workaholism-sleep disorders relationship.

Suggested Citation

  • Paola Spagnoli & Cristian Balducci & Marco Fabbri & Danila Molinaro & Giuseppe Barbato, 2019. "Workaholism, Intensive Smartphone Use, and the Sleep-Wake Cycle: A Multiple Mediation Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:19:p:3517-:d:269301
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cecilie Schou Andreassen & Ståle Pallesen & Torbjørn Torsheim, 2018. "Workaholism as a Mediator between Work-Related Stressors and Health Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, January.
    2. Till Roenneberg, 2013. "The human sleep project," Nature, Nature, vol. 498(7455), pages 427-428, June.
    3. Lanaj, Klodiana & Johnson, Russell E. & Barnes, Christopher M., 2014. "Beginning the workday yet already depleted? Consequences of late-night smartphone use and sleep," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 124(1), pages 11-23.
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