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Enablers and Barriers to the Utilization of Antenatal Care Services in India

Author

Listed:
  • Felix Akpojene Ogbo

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith 2571, Australia
    General Practice Unit, Prescot Specialist Medical Centre, Welfare Quarters, Makurdi 972261, Nigeria)

  • Mansi Vijaybhai Dhami

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith 2571, Australia
    Joint second authors.)

  • Ebere Maureen Ude

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith 2571, Australia
    Joint second authors.)

  • Praween Senanayake

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith 2571, Australia
    Joint second authors.)

  • Uchechukwu L. Osuagwu

    (School of Medicine|Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Translational Research Unit (DOMTRU), Macarthur Clinical School, Parkside Crescent, Campbelltown 2560, Australia
    Joint second authors.)

  • Akorede O. Awosemo

    (General Practice Unit, Prescot Specialist Medical Centre, Welfare Quarters, Makurdi 972261, Nigeria)

  • Pascal Ogeleka

    (Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, City Hospital, Emmanuel Mande Close, Makurdi 972261, Nigeria)

  • Blessing Jaka Akombi

    (School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia)

  • Osita Kingsley Ezeh

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith 2571, Australia
    Joint senior authors.)

  • Kingsley E. Agho

    (Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith 2571, Australia
    Joint senior authors.)

Abstract

Antenatal care (ANC) reduces adverse health outcomes for both mother and baby during pregnancy and childbirth. The present study investigated the enablers and barriers to ANC service use among Indian women. The study used data on 183,091 women from the 2015–2016 India Demographic and Health Survey. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models (using generalised linear latent and mixed models (GLLAMM) with the mlogit link and binomial family) that adjusted for clustering and sampling weights were used to investigate the association between the study factors and frequency of ANC service use. More than half (51.7%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 51.1–52.2%) of Indian women had four or more ANC visits, 31.7% (95% CI: 31.3–32.2%) had between one and three ANC visits, and 16.6% (95% CI: 16.3–17.0%) had no ANC visit. Higher household wealth status and parental education, belonging to other tribes or castes, a woman’s autonomy to visit the health facility, residence in Southern India, and exposure to the media were enablers of the recommended ANC (≥4) visits. In contrast, lower household wealth, a lack of a woman’s autonomy, and residence in East and Central India were barriers to appropriate ANC service use. Our study suggests that barriers to the recommended ANC service use in India can be amended by socioeconomic and health policy interventions, including improvements in education and social services, as well as community health education on the importance of ANC.

Suggested Citation

  • Felix Akpojene Ogbo & Mansi Vijaybhai Dhami & Ebere Maureen Ude & Praween Senanayake & Uchechukwu L. Osuagwu & Akorede O. Awosemo & Pascal Ogeleka & Blessing Jaka Akombi & Osita Kingsley Ezeh & Kingsl, 2019. "Enablers and Barriers to the Utilization of Antenatal Care Services in India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:17:p:3152-:d:262003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Reta Dewau & Amare Muche & Zinabu Fentaw & Melaku Yalew & Gedamnesh Bitew & Erkihun Tadesse Amsalu & Mastewal Arefaynie & Asnakew Molla Mekonen, 2021. "Time to initiation of antenatal care and its predictors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Cox-gamma shared frailty model," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(2), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Felix Akpojene Ogbo & Felicity F. Trinh & Kedir Y. Ahmed & Praween Senanayake & Abdon G. Rwabilimbo & Noel E. Uwaibi & Kingsley E. Agho & Global Maternal and Child Health Research Collaboration (GloMA, 2020. "Prevalence, Trends, and Drivers of the Utilization of Unskilled Birth Attendants during Democratic Governance in Nigeria from 1999 to 2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-26, January.
    3. Ziad El-Khatib & Emmanuel Kolawole Odusina & Bishwajit Ghose & Sanni Yaya, 2020. "Patterns and Predictors of Insufficient Antenatal Care Utilization in Nigeria over a Decade: A Pooled Data Analysis Using Demographic and Health Surveys," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-14, November.

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