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Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron and Chitosan Functionalized Eichhornia crassipes Biochar for Efficient Hexavalent Chromium Removal

Author

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  • Xue-Li Chen

    (School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Feng Li

    (School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Xiao Jie Xie

    (School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China)

  • Zhi Li

    (San Bernardino, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA)

  • Long Chen

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

Abstract

Sorption is widely used for the removal of toxic heavy metals such as hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solutions. Green sorbents prepared from biomass are attractive, because they leverage the value of waste biomass and reduce the overall cost of water treatment. In this study, we fabricated biochar (BC) adsorbent from the biomass of water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ), an invasive species in many river channels. Pristine BC was further modified with nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and stabilized with chitosan (C) to form C–nZVI–BC. C–nZVI–BC adsorbent showed high hexavalent chromium sorption capacity (82.2 mg/g) at pH 2 and removed 97.34% of 50 mg/L Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. The sorption capacity of chitosan–nZVI-modified biochar decreased while increasing the solution pH value and ionic strength. The results of a sorption test indicated that multiple mechanisms accounted for Cr(VI) removal by C–nZVI–BC, including complexation, precipitation, electrostatic interactions, and reduction. Our study suggests a way of adding value to biomass waste by considering environmental treatment purposes.

Suggested Citation

  • Xue-Li Chen & Feng Li & Xiao Jie Xie & Zhi Li & Long Chen, 2019. "Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron and Chitosan Functionalized Eichhornia crassipes Biochar for Efficient Hexavalent Chromium Removal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:17:p:3046-:d:259870
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Qian, Kezhen & Kumar, Ajay & Zhang, Hailin & Bellmer, Danielle & Huhnke, Raymond, 2015. "Recent advances in utilization of biochar," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1055-1064.
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    1. Ecaterina Matei & Andra Mihaela Predescu & Anca Andreea Șăulean & Maria Râpă & Mirela Gabriela Sohaciu & George Coman & Andrei-Constantin Berbecaru & Cristian Predescu & Dumitru Vâju & Grigore Vlad, 2022. "Ferrous Industrial Wastes—Valuable Resources for Water and Wastewater Decontamination," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-25, October.

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