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Furthering the Evidence of the Effectiveness of Employment Strategies for People with Mental Disorders in Europe: A Systematic Review

Author

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  • Amalia Muñoz-Murillo

    (Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
    Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Eva Esteban

    (Department of Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Chair for Public Health and Health Services Research, Research Unit for Biopsychosocial Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany)

  • Carolina C. Ávila

    (Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and CIBER of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain)

  • Klemens Fheodoroff

    (Gailtal Klinik—Neurologische Rehabilitation, A-9620 Hermagor, Austria)

  • Josep Maria Haro

    (Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
    Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
    Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Matilde Leonardi

    (Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Neurological Institute C. Besta IRCCS Foundation, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Beatriz Olaya

    (Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
    Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
    Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

(1) Purpose: This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of strategies used in the professional (re)integration of persons with mental disorders (MD) in European countries; (2) Methods: We conducted a search for scientific publications available in relevant electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CDR-HTA, CDR-DARE, and Cochrane Library). The present study collected evidence on the effectiveness, from 2011 to 2016, of employment strategies for persons with MDs; (3) Results: A total of 18 studies were included, representing 5216 participants (aged 18–65, mean age of 38.5 years old) from 7 countries. Job access programs demonstrated effectiveness in four out of six studies. Return to work (RTW) interventions showed significant positive results in two studies, while four studies did not refer to effectiveness. There were inconsistent results in another four studies; (4) Conclusions: Our findings highlight the complexities of the implementation of employment strategies (job access and return to work). Job access strategies seem to improve employment outcomes. The effectiveness of return to work strategies remains unclear. The involvement and commitment of physicians, employment specialists, and employers, and employees capacity for self-care seem decisive for employment re-integration success. Further analyses are needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of these interventions and corroborate our results, with longer follow-ups.

Suggested Citation

  • Amalia Muñoz-Murillo & Eva Esteban & Carolina C. Ávila & Klemens Fheodoroff & Josep Maria Haro & Matilde Leonardi & Beatriz Olaya, 2018. "Furthering the Evidence of the Effectiveness of Employment Strategies for People with Mental Disorders in Europe: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:5:p:838-:d:142911
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chiara Scaratti & Matilde Leonardi & Fabiola Silvaggi & Carolina C. Ávila & Amalia Muñoz-Murillo & Panayiota Stavroussi & Olga Roka & Helena Burger & Klemens Fheodoroff & Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk & Carl, 2018. "Mapping European Welfare Models: State of the Art of Strategies for Professional Integration and Reintegration of Persons with Chronic Diseases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, April.
    2. Carla Sabariego & Michaela Coenen & Elizabeth Ito & Klemens Fheodoroff & Chiara Scaratti & Matilde Leonardi & Anastasia Vlachou & Panayiota Stavroussi & Valentina Brecelj & Dare S. Kovačič & Eva Esteb, 2018. "Effectiveness of Integration and Re-Integration into Work Strategies for Persons with Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review of European Strategies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-34, March.
    3. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    4. Linn, M.W. & Sandifer, R. & Stein, S., 1985. "Effects of unemployment on mental and physical health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 75(5), pages 502-506.
    5. Eva Esteban & Michaela Coenen & Elizabeth Ito & Sonja Gruber & Chiara Scaratti & Matilde Leonardi & Olga Roka & Evdokia Vasilou & Amalia Muñoz-Murillo & Carolina C. Ávila & Dare S. Kovačič & Ivana Iva, 2018. "Views and Experiences of Persons with Chronic Diseases about Strategies that Aim to Integrate and Re-Integrate Them into Work: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-28, May.
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    3. Eva Esteban & Michaela Coenen & Elizabeth Ito & Sonja Gruber & Chiara Scaratti & Matilde Leonardi & Olga Roka & Evdokia Vasilou & Amalia Muñoz-Murillo & Carolina C. Ávila & Dare S. Kovačič & Ivana Iva, 2018. "Views and Experiences of Persons with Chronic Diseases about Strategies that Aim to Integrate and Re-Integrate Them into Work: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-28, May.
    4. Matilde Leonardi & Chiara Scaratti, 2018. "Employment and People with Non Communicable Chronic Diseases: PATHWAYS Recommendations and Suggested Actions for Implementing an Inclusive Labour Market for All and Health in All Sectors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-6, August.
    5. José-María Figueredo & Cristina García-Ael & Andrea Gragnano & Gabriela Topa, 2020. "Well-Being at Work after Return to Work (RTW): A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-27, October.

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