IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v15y2018i3p490-d135726.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Social Frailty Leads to the Development of Physical Frailty among Physically Non-Frail Adults: A Four-Year Follow-Up Longitudinal Cohort Study

Author

Listed:
  • Hyuma Makizako

    (Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
    Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Hiroyuki Shimada

    (Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Takehiko Doi

    (Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Kota Tsutsumimoto

    (Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Ryo Hotta

    (Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Sho Nakakubo

    (Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Keitaro Makino

    (Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

  • Sangyoon Lee

    (Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan)

Abstract

Social frailty domains may play an important role in preventing physical decline and disability. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of social frailty as a risk factor for the future development of physical frailty among community-dwelling older adults who are not yet physically frail. A total of 1226 physically non-frail older adults were analyzed to provide a baseline. Participants completed a longitudinal assessment of their physical frailty 48 months later. Their baseline social frailty was determined based on their responses to five questions, which identified participants who went out less frequently, rarely visited friends, felt less like helping friends or family, lived alone and did not talk to another person every day. Participants with none of these characteristics were considered not to be socially frail; those with one characteristic were considered socially pre-frail; and those with two or more characteristics were considered socially frail. At the four-year follow-up assessment, 24 participants (2.0%) had developed physical frailty and 440 (35.9%) had developed physical pre-frailty. The rates of developing physical frailty and pre-frailty were 1.6% and 34.2%, respectively, in the socially non-frail group; 2.4% and 38.8%, respectively, in the socially pre-frail group; and 6.8% and 54.5%, respectively, in the socially frail group. Participants classified as socially frail at the baseline had an increased risk of developing physical frailty, compared with participants who were not socially frail (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 1.02–15.15). Participants who were socially frail at the baseline also had an increased risk of developing physical pre-frailty (OR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.30–4.80). Among independent community-dwelling older adults who are not physically frail, those who are socially frail may be at greater risk of developing physical frailty in the near future. Social frailty may precede (and lead to the development of) physical frailty.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyuma Makizako & Hiroyuki Shimada & Takehiko Doi & Kota Tsutsumimoto & Ryo Hotta & Sho Nakakubo & Keitaro Makino & Sangyoon Lee, 2018. "Social Frailty Leads to the Development of Physical Frailty among Physically Non-Frail Adults: A Four-Year Follow-Up Longitudinal Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-9, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:3:p:490-:d:135726
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/3/490/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/3/490/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. María-Victoria Zunzunegui & Beatriz E. Alvarado & Teodoro Del Ser & Angel Otero, 2003. "Social Networks, Social Integration, and Social Engagement Determine Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Spanish Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 58(2), pages 93-100.
    2. Sojung Park & Eunsun Kwon & Hyunjoo Lee, 2017. "Life Course Trajectories of Later-Life Cognitive Functions: Does Social Engagement in Old Age Matter?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Steven Bunt & Nardi Steverink & Melissa K. Andrew & Cees P. van der Schans & Hans Hobbelen, 2017. "Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Social Vulnerability Index for Use in the Dutch Context," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-13, November.
    4. Veerle Van Holle & Jelle Van Cauwenberg & Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij & Benedicte Deforche & Nico Van de Weghe & Delfien Van Dyck, 2016. "Interactions between Neighborhood Social Environment and Walkability to Explain Belgian Older Adults’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Time," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-14, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tatsunori Shimizu & Ayuto Kodama & Yu Kume & Masahiro Iwakura & Katsuya Iijima & Hidetaka Ota, 2024. "Comparative Analysis of Frailty Risk and Associated Factors: Community-Based vs. Open Recruitment Groups," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(5), pages 1-9, May.
    2. Ah Ram Jang & Ju Young Yoon, 2021. "Multilevel Factors Associated with Frailty among the Rural Elderly in Korea Based on the Ecological Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Hyungchul Park & Il-Young Jang & Hea yon Lee & Hee-Won Jung & Eunju Lee & Dae Hyun Kim, 2019. "Screening Value of Social Frailty and Its Association with Physical Frailty and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-11, August.
    4. Motoaki Takamura & Toshimasa Sone & Takayuki Kawamura & Reiko Suzuki & Nobuaki Moriyama & Seiji Yasumura, 2021. "A Cross-Sectional Study on the Characteristics of Physical Activity in Pre-Frail Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-11, November.
    5. Ryo Komatsu & Koutatsu Nagai & Yoko Hasegawa & Kazuki Okuda & Yuto Okinaka & Yosuke Wada & Shotaro Tsuji & Kayoko Tamaki & Hiroshi Kusunoki & Hiromitsu Kishimoto & Ken Shinmura, 2021. "Association between Physical Frailty Subdomains and Oral Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-9, March.
    6. Masafumi Itokazu & Masahiro Ishizaka & Yoshikazu Uchikawa & Yoshiaki Takahashi & Takahiro Niida & Tamaki Hirose & Akihiro Ito & Akihiro Yakabi & Yoshiaki Endo & Yohei Sawaya & Tatsuya Igawa & Kaoru Ko, 2022. "Relationship between Eye Frailty and Physical, Social, and Psychological/Cognitive Weaknesses among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-10, October.
    7. Akira Teramura & Yumi Kimura & Kosuke Hamada & Yasuko Ishimoto & Masato Kawamori, 2021. "COVID-19-Related Lifestyle Changes among Community-Dwelling Older Adult Day-Care Users: A Qualitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-11, December.
    8. Hana Ko & SuJung Jung, 2021. "Association of Social Frailty with Physical Health, Cognitive Function, Psychological Health, and Life Satisfaction in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-9, January.
    9. Hana Ko, 2021. "Daily Time Use by Activity of Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Focus on Health Management," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
    10. Iria Dobarrio-Sanz & Crístofer Ruiz-González & Cayetano Fernández-Sola & Pablo Roman & José Granero-Molina & Jose Manuel Hernández-Padilla, 2021. "Healthcare Professionals’ Perceptions of Loneliness amongst Older Adults: A Qualitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-14, November.
    11. Rossella Miglio & Chiara Puglisi & Rosella Rettaroli & Giulia Roli & Francesco Scalone, 2024. "Frailty in Europe: the role of social networks and activity participation," RIEDS - Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica - The Italian Journal of Economic, Demographic and Statistical Studies, SIEDS Societa' Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, vol. 78(2), pages 185-196, April-Jun.
    12. Yuki Nakai & Hyuma Makizako & Ryoji Kiyama & Kazutoshi Tomioka & Yoshiaki Taniguchi & Takuro Kubozono & Toshihiro Takenaka & Mitsuru Ohishi, 2019. "Association between Chronic Pain and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-9, April.
    13. Young Ko & Kyounga Lee, 2022. "Social Frailty and Health-Related Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-11, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zi Zhou & Lun Cai & Jian Fu & Yaofeng Han & Ya Fang, 2020. "Hypothetical Interventions on Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment among Chinese Older Adults: An Application of the Parametric G-Formula," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-11, February.
    2. Jean Ryan, 2020. "Examining the Process of Modal Choice for Everyday Travel Among Older People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-19, January.
    3. Plamen Nikolov & Steve Yeh, 2021. "Reaping the Rewards Later: How Education Improves Old-Age Cognition in South Africa," Papers 2109.02177, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2021.
    4. Laura Ponce de León & Jean Pierre Lévy Mangin & Soledad Ballesteros, 2020. "Psychosocial Determinants of Quality of Life and Active Aging. A Structural Equation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-10, August.
    5. Hajo Zeeb & Heinz Rothgang & Ingrid Darmann-Finck, 2018. "Ageing, Health and Equity—Broad Perspectives Are Needed to Understand and Tackle Health Challenges of Ageing Societies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-4, March.
    6. Dimitrios Christelis & Loreti I. Dobrescu, 2012. "The Impact of Social Activities on Cognitive Ageing: Evidence from Eleven European Countries," CSEF Working Papers 320, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    7. Plamen Nikolov & Steve Yeh, 2021. "Reaping the Rewards Later: How Education Improves Old-Age Cognition in South Africa," Working Papers 2021-045, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    8. Luis Aranda & Martin Siyaranamual, 2014. "Are Smarter People Better Samaritans? Effect of Cognitive Abilities on Pro-Social Behaviors," Working Papers 2014:06, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    9. Leah Fostick, 2019. "Card playing enhances speech perception among aging adults: comparison with aging musicians," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 16(4), pages 481-489, December.
    10. Haslam, Catherine & Cruwys, Tegan & Haslam, S. Alexander, 2014. "“The we's have it”: Evidence for the distinctive benefits of group engagement in enhancing cognitive health in aging," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 57-66.
    11. Liu, Hui & Chopik, William J. & Shrout, M. Rosie & Wang, Juwen, 2024. "A national longitudinal dyadic analysis of spousal education and cognitive decline in the United States," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    12. Kyung-Won Choi & Gyeong-Suk Jeon, 2021. "Social Network Types and Depressive Symptoms among Older Korean Men and Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-14, October.
    13. Wenjing Gong & Xiaoran Huang & Marcus White & Nano Langenheim, 2023. "Walkability Perceptions and Gender Differences in Urban Fringe New Towns: A Case Study of Shanghai," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-21, July.
    14. Harling, Guy & Kobayashi, Lindsay C. & Farrell, Meagan T. & Wagner, Ryan G. & Tollman, Stephen & Berkman, Lisa, 2020. "Social contact, social support, and cognitive health in a population-based study of middle-aged and older men and women in rural South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    15. Park, HyunJee & Kim, Jinho, 2024. "Perceived social position, active engagement with life, and depressive symptoms among older adults," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 345(C).
    16. Ning, Manxiu & Gong, Jinquan & Zheng, Xuhui & Zhuang, Jun, 2016. "Does New Rural Pension Scheme decrease elderly labor supply? Evidence from CHARLS," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 315-330.
    17. Massimiliano Tani & Zhiming Cheng & Matloob Piracha & Ben Zhe Wang, 2022. "Ageing, Health, Loneliness and Wellbeing," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 160(2), pages 791-807, April.
    18. Ellwardt, Lea & Aartsen, Marja & Deeg, Dorly & Steverink, Nardi, 2013. "Does loneliness mediate the relation between social support and cognitive functioning in later life?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 116-124.
    19. Thomas, Patricia A., 2011. "Gender, social engagement, and limitations in late life," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 73(9), pages 1428-1435.
    20. Eduardo Luiz Mendonça Martins & Laís Cunha Salamene & Alessandra Lamas Granero Lucchetti & Giancarlo Lucchetti, 2022. "The association of mental health with positive behaviours, attitudes and virtues in community-dwelling older adults: Results of a population-based study," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 68(2), pages 392-402, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:3:p:490-:d:135726. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.