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Risk Factors for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Population-Based Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Emma Altobelli

    (Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
    Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Local Health Unit, 64100 Teramo, Italy)

  • Leonardo Rapacchietta

    (Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Local Health Unit, 64100 Teramo, Italy)

  • Valerio F. Profeta

    (Department of community Health, Local Health Unit, 64100 Teramo, Italy)

  • Roberto Fagnano

    (Manager of Local Health Unit 4, 64100 Teramo, Italy)

Abstract

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) represents an important public health problem with a prevalence between 1.3% and 12.5%. Several population-based randomized trials have evaluated ultrasound screening for AAA providing evidence of a reduction in aneurysm-related mortality in the screened population. The aim of our study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk factors for AAA. We conducted a systematic review of observational studies and we performed a meta-analysis that evaluated the following risk factors: gender, smoking habits, hypertension, coronary artery disease and family history of AAA. Respect to a previous a meta-analysis we added the funnel plot to examine the effect sizes estimated from individual studies as measure of their precision; sensitivity analysis to check the stability of study findings and estimate how the overall effect size would be modified by removal of one study; cumulative analysis to evaluate the trend between studies in relation to publication year. Abdominal aortic aneurysm prevalence is higher in smokers and in males. On the other hand, while diabetes is a risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases, it is not a risk factor for AAA. In addition, it is important to underline that all countries, where AAA screening was set up, had high income level and the majority belong to Western Europe (United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy, Poland, Spain and Belgium). Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening is fundamental for public health. It could avoid deaths, ruptures, and emergency surgical interventions if abdominal aortic aneurysm was diagnosed early in the population target for screening.

Suggested Citation

  • Emma Altobelli & Leonardo Rapacchietta & Valerio F. Profeta & Roberto Fagnano, 2018. "Risk Factors for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Population-Based Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2805-:d:189344
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    2. Emma Altobelli & Leonardo Rapacchietta & Paolo Matteo Angeletti & Luca Barbante & Filippo Valerio Profeta & Roberto Fagnano, 2017. "Breast Cancer Screening Programmes across the WHO European Region: Differences among Countries Based on National Income Level," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-24, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Renata Piotrkowska & Wioletta Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska & Piotr Jarzynkowski & Robert Ślusarz, 2022. "Nicotine Dependence and the Level of Motivation for Ceasing Smoking in the Case of Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgeries Versus the Optimisation of Perioperative Care—Pilot Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-13, August.
    2. Emil Marian Arbănași & Adrian Vasile Mureșan & Cătălin Mircea Coșarcă & Eliza Mihaela Arbănași & Raluca Niculescu & Septimiu Toader Voidăzan & Adrian Dumitru Ivănescu & Ioana Hălmaciu & Rareș Cristian, 2022. "Computed Tomography Angiography Markers and Intraluminal Thrombus Morphology as Predictors of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-13, November.
    3. Emma Altobelli & Filippo Gianfelice & Paolo Matteo Angeletti & Reimondo Petrocelli, 2022. "Abdominal Aortic Screening Is a Priority for Health in Smoker Males: A Study on Central Italian Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-10, January.
    4. Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez & Manuel Díez-Alonso & Luis Felipe Riera del Moral & Salvador Sanchez-Coll & Melchor Alvarez-Mon & Miguel A. Ortega & Fernando Ruiz-Grande, 2022. "Association of Age and Surgical Technique with the Quality of Life of Male Patients Treated for Abdominal Aorta Aneurysms: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-12, May.

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