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Higher Mosquito Production in Low-Income Neighborhoods of Baltimore and Washington, DC: Understanding Ecological Drivers and Mosquito-Borne Disease Risk in Temperate Cities

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  • Shannon L. LaDeau

    (Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Paul T. Leisnham

    (Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Dawn Biehler

    (Geography & Environmental Systems, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA)

  • Danielle Bodner

    (Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA)

Abstract

Mosquito-vectored pathogens are responsible for devastating human diseases and are (re)emerging in many urban environments. Effective mosquito control in urban landscapes relies on improved understanding of the complex interactions between the ecological and social factors that define where mosquito populations can grow. We compared the density of mosquito habitat and pupae production across economically varying neighborhoods in two temperate U.S. cities (Baltimore, MD and Washington, DC). Seven species of mosquito larvae were recorded. The invasive Aedes albopictus was the only species found in all neighborhoods. Culex pipiens, a primary vector of West Nile virus (WNV), was most abundant in Baltimore, which also had more tire habitats. Both Culex and Aedes pupae were more likely to be sampled in neighborhoods categorized as being below median income level in each city and Aedes pupae density was also greater in container habitats found in these lower income neighborhoods. We infer that lower income residents may experience greater exposure to potential disease vectors and Baltimore residents specifically, were at greater risk of exposure to the predominant WNV vector. However, we also found that resident-reported mosquito nuisance was not correlated with our measured risk index, indicating a potentially important mismatch between motivation needed to engage participation in control efforts and the relative importance of control among neighborhoods.

Suggested Citation

  • Shannon L. LaDeau & Paul T. Leisnham & Dawn Biehler & Danielle Bodner, 2013. "Higher Mosquito Production in Low-Income Neighborhoods of Baltimore and Washington, DC: Understanding Ecological Drivers and Mosquito-Borne Disease Risk in Temperate Cities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-22, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:10:y:2013:i:4:p:1505-1526:d:24960
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kristen Bartlett-Healy & George Hamilton & Sean Healy & Taryn Crepeau & Isik Unlu & Ary Farajollahi & Dina Fonseca & Randy Gaugler & Gary G. Clark & Daniel Strickman, 2011. "Source Reduction Behavior as an Independent Measurement of the Impact of a Public Health Education Campaign in an Integrated Vector Management Program for the Asian Tiger Mosquito," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-10, May.
    2. Ryan J Harrigan & Henri A Thomassen & Wolfgang Buermann & Robert F Cummings & Matthew E Kahn & Thomas B Smith, 2010. "Economic Conditions Predict Prevalence of West Nile Virus," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(11), pages 1-8, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rebeca de Jesús Crespo & Rachel Elba Rogers, 2021. "Habitat Segregation Patterns of Container Breeding Mosquitos: The Role of Urban Heat Islands, Vegetation Cover, and Income Disparity in Cemeteries of New Orleans," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Rebeca de Jesús Crespo & Madison Harrison & Rachel Rogers & Randy Vaeth, 2021. "Mosquito Vector Production across Socio-Economic Divides in Baton Rouge, Louisiana," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-11, February.
    3. Brian Becker & Paul T. Leisnham & Shannon L. LaDeau, 2014. "A Tale of Two City Blocks: Differences in Immature and Adult Mosquito Abundances between Socioeconomically Different Urban Blocks in Baltimore (Maryland, USA)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-15, March.
    4. Ari Whiteman & Eric Delmelle & Tyler Rapp & Shi Chen & Gang Chen & Michael Dulin, 2018. "A Novel Sampling Method to Measure Socioeconomic Drivers of Aedes albopictus Distribution in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, October.
    5. Ibrahim Alkhaldy & Ross Barnett, 2021. "Explaining Neighbourhood Variations in the Incidence of Dengue Fever in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-15, December.

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