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Optimal Real-Time Scheduling for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems and Wind Farms Based on Model Predictive Control

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  • Meng Xiong

    (State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Systems Engineering Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)

  • Feng Gao

    (State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Systems Engineering Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)

  • Kun Liu

    (State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Systems Engineering Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)

  • Siyun Chen

    (State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Systems Engineering Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)

  • Jiaojiao Dong

    (State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Systems Engineering Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)

Abstract

Energy storage devices are expected to be more frequently implemented in wind farms in near future. In this paper, both pumped hydro and fly wheel storage systems are used to assist a wind farm to smooth the power fluctuations. Due to the significant difference in the response speeds of the two storages types, the wind farm coordination with two types of energy storage is a problem. This paper presents two methods for the coordination problem: a two-level hierarchical model predictive control (MPC) method and a single-level MPC method. In the single-level MPC method, only one MPC controller coordinates the wind farm and the two storage systems to follow the grid scheduling. Alternatively, in the two-level MPC method, two MPC controllers are used to coordinate the wind farm and the two storage systems. The structure of two level MPC consists of outer level and inner level MPC. They run alternatively to perform real-time scheduling and then stop, thus obtaining long-term scheduling results and sending some results to the inner level as input. The single-level MPC method performs both long- and short-term scheduling tasks in each interval. The simulation results show that the methods proposed can improve the utilization of wind power and reduce wind power spillage. In addition, the single-level MPC and the two-level MPC are not interchangeable. The single-level MPC has the advantage of following the grid schedule while the two-level MPC can reduce the optimization time by 60%.

Suggested Citation

  • Meng Xiong & Feng Gao & Kun Liu & Siyun Chen & Jiaojiao Dong, 2015. "Optimal Real-Time Scheduling for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems and Wind Farms Based on Model Predictive Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-32, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:8:p:8020-8051:d:53598
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Haifeng Zhang & Feng Gao & Jiang Wu & Kun Liu & Xiaolin Liu, 2012. "Optimal Bidding Strategies for Wind Power Producers in the Day-ahead Electricity Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(11), pages 1-20, November.
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    3. Marzband, Mousa & Ghadimi, Majid & Sumper, Andreas & Domínguez-García, José Luis, 2014. "Experimental validation of a real-time energy management system using multi-period gravitational search algorithm for microgrids in islanded mode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 164-174.
    4. Marzband, Mousa & Sumper, Andreas & Ruiz-Álvarez, Albert & Domínguez-García, José Luis & Tomoiagă, Bogdan, 2013. "Experimental evaluation of a real time energy management system for stand-alone microgrids in day-ahead markets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 365-376.
    5. Breton, Simon-Philippe & Moe, Geir, 2009. "Status, plans and technologies for offshore wind turbines in Europe and North America," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 646-654.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Tiezhou Wu & Xiao Shi & Li Liao & Chuanjian Zhou & Hang Zhou & Yuehong Su, 2019. "A Capacity Configuration Control Strategy to Alleviate Power Fluctuation of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-11, February.
    2. Jae Woong Shim & Heejin Kim & Kyeon Hur, 2019. "Incorporating State-of-Charge Balancing into the Control of Energy Storage Systems for Smoothing Renewable Intermittency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Izaskun Garrido & Aitor J. Garrido & Stefano Coda & Hoang B. Le & Jean Marc Moret, 2016. "Real Time Hybrid Model Predictive Control for the Current Profile of the Tokamak à Configuration Variable (TCV)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-14, August.
    4. Feras Alasali & Stephen Haben & Victor Becerra & William Holderbaum, 2017. "Optimal Energy Management and MPC Strategies for Electrified RTG Cranes with Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, October.
    5. Abebe Tilahun Tadie & Zhizhong Guo, 2019. "Optimal Planning of Grid Scale PHES Through Characteristics-Based Large Scale Data Clustering and Emission Constrained Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-19, June.
    6. Xiuyun Wang & Yibing Zhou & Junyu Tian & Jian Wang & Yang Cui, 2018. "Wind Power Consumption Research Based on Green Economic Indicators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-24, October.
    7. Yanjuan Yu & Hongkun Chen & Lei Chen, 2018. "Comparative Study of Electric Energy Storages and Thermal Energy Auxiliaries for Improving Wind Power Integration in the Cogeneration System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, January.

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