Applications of Deep Reinforcement Learning for Home Energy Management Systems: A Review

In the context of the increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and smart devices in domestic applications, the implementation of Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) is becoming a pivotal factor in optimizing energy usage and reducing costs. This review examines the role of reinforcement learning (RL) in the advancement of HEMS, presenting it as a powerful tool for the adaptive management of complex, real-time energy demands. This review is notable for its comprehensive examination of the applications of RL-based methods and tools in HEMS, which encompasses demand response, load scheduling, and renewable energy integration. Furthermore, the integration of RL within distributed automation and Internet of Things (IoT) frameworks is emphasized in the review as a means of facilitating autonomous, data-driven control. Despite the considerable potential of this approach, the authors identify a number of challenges that require further investigation, including the need for robust data security and scalable solutions. It is recommended that future research place greater emphasis on real applications and case studies, with the objective of bridging the gap between theoretical models and practical implementations. The objective is to achieve resilient and secure energy management in residential and prosumer buildings, particularly within local microgrids.